Abstract
To get a better understanding of regional different demographic change processes in the Alpine Space a typology using cluster analysis was built. The basis for the identification of the demographic regional clusters was formed by 11 indicators on NUTS 3-level, which focus on the most important drivers of population development as population structure, population development, natural population change, net-migration, distribution of age groups and population density. Five main demographic types could be identified: urban areas, dynamic developing areas, rural out-migration areas, rural in-migration areas. In addition the Alpine metropolises around the core mountain territory were fond each as singular type with specific characteristics.
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Notes
- 1.
Alpine Space is hereby defined as the area that is covered by the Interreg IVB Alpine Space Program. It therefore contains not only the Alpine core space, but also the fringe zones.
- 2.
The following data were used: population density 2009; total population 2010; age groups < 15 years, 15–64 years, > 64 years in total as well as in relative share; natural population change (average of 2005–2010 relating to 1,000 inhabitants); net-migration (average of 2005–2010 relating to 1,000 inhabitants); population development (population 2010 – population 2005) relating to population 2005 * 100 (%).
- 3.
The factor and the cluster analyses were performed by the University of Applied Sciences Munich. The factor analysis includes a main component analysis with varimax rotation. The cluster analysis was carried out in different versions with 6–10 clusters, whereas the version with 8 clusters turned out to be the most reasonable. Because the factors were independent metric characteristics, the clusters were formed by a substitution method based on inner class variance (SPSS Quickcluster).
References
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DEMIFER (2012). Demographic and migratory flows affecting European regions and cities, accessed 2012-07-20. http://www.epson.eu/main/Menu_Projects/Menu_AppliedResearch/demifer.htm.
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Ainz, G., Kripgans, N. (2014). Demographic Regional Types in the Alps: Results of a Cluster Analysis. In: Bausch, T., Koch, M., Veser, A. (eds) Coping with Demographic Change in the Alpine Regions. European Studies of Population, vol 23. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54681-5_3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54681-5_3
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