Skip to main content

Klassifikation und Erscheinungsbild der Lese-Rechtschreibstörung

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Lese-Rechtschreibstörung

Zusammenfassung

Dieses Kapitel beschäftigt sich mit der Klassifizierung und dem Erscheinungsbild der Lese- Rechtschreibstörung anhand der klinisch- diagnostischen Kriterien der ICD 10, welche im Rahmen der aktuellen internationalen Forschung ausführlich und kritisch diskutiert werden. Damit ist dieses Kapitel gerade für den diagnostisch und therapeutisch tätigen Praktiker von besonderer Relevanz. Zunächst erfolgt eine allgemeine Einführung in die Logik und den Aufbau der ICD, gefolgt von einer detaillierten Darstellung der Symptomatik, der Entstehung und des Verlaufs der Lese- Rechtschreibstörung als umschriebene Entwicklungsstörung schulischer Fertigkeiten. Eine Darstellung der Prävalenz (Häufigkeit des Auftretens) erfolgt differenziert für Sprache, Schrift, Kultur und Geschlecht und wird hinsichtlich aktueller Ergebnisse der internationalen Forschung diskutiert.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 29.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Literatur

  • Becker, C., Elliott, M., & Lachmann, T. (2005). Evidence for impaired visuoperceptual organization in developmental dyslexics and its relation to temporal processes. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 22, 499–522.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Beise, U. (2010). DSM-V: große Ambitionen, schwache Methodologie? Ars Medici, 7, 266–268.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bishop, D. V., & Snowling, M. J. (2004). Developmental dyslexia and specific language impairment: same or different? Psychological Bulletin, 130, 858–886.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Boder, E. (1973). Developmental dyslexia: A diagnostic approaoch based on three atypical reading-spelling patterns. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 5, 663–687.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boder, E., & Jarrico, S. (1982). The Boder Test of reading-spelling patterns: A diagnostic screening test for subtypes of reading disability. New York: Grune and Stratton.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brandenburg, J., Klesczewski, J., Fischbach, A., Büttner, G., Grube, D., Mähler, C., & Hasselhorn, M. (2013). Arbeitsgedächtnisleistungen von Kindern mit Minderleistungen in der Schriftsprache. Lernen und Lernstörungen, 2, 147–159.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brendler, K. & Lachmann, T. (2001). Letter reversals in the context of the Functional Coordination Deficit Model of developmental dyslexia. In E. Sommerfeld, R. Kompass, & T. Lachmann (Hrsg.), Proceedings of the International Society for Psychophysics (S. 308–313). Lengerich: Pabst Science Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chan, D. W., Ho, C. S.-H., Tsang, S.-M., Lee, S.-H., & Chung, K. K. H. (2007). Prevalence, gender ratio and gender differences in reading-related cognitive abilities among Chinese children with dyslexia in Hong Kong. Educational Studies, 33, 249–265.

    Google Scholar 

  • Coltheart, M. (1978). Lexical accesss in simple reading tasks. In G. Underwood (Hrsg.), Strategies of information processing (S. 151–216). London: Academic press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Corballis, M. C., & Beale, I. L. (1993). Orton revisited: Dyslexia, laterality, and left-right confusion. In D. Willows, R. S. Kruk, & E. Corcos (Hrsg.), Visual processes in reading and reading disabilities (S. 57–73). Hillsdale, NJ.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates

    Google Scholar 

  • Cotton, S. M., & Crewther, S. G. (2009). The relationship between reading and intelligence in primary school aged children: Implications for definitional models of dyslexia. The Open Education Journal, 2, 42–50.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cotton, S. M., Crewther, D. P., & Crewther, S. G. (2005). Measurement error: Implications for diagnosis and discrepancy models of developmental dyslexia. Dyslexia, 11, 186–202.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Csepe, V. (2003). Dyslexia: Different brain, different behavior. New York: Kluwer/Springer

    Google Scholar 

  • Daniel, S., Walsh, W. A., Goldstone, D. B., Arnold, E. M., Reboussin, B. A., & Wood, F. B. (2006). Suicidality, school dropout, and reading problems among adolescents. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 39, 507–516.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dilling, H., & Freyberger, H. J. (2012). Taschenführer zur ICD-10-Klassifikation psychischer Störungen. Bern: Hans Huber.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dilling, H., Mobour, W., & Schmidt, M. H. (2011). Internationale Klassifikation psychischer Störungen. ICD-10 Kapitel V (F). Klinisch-diagnostische Leitlinien. Bern: Hans Huber.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dummer-Smoch, L. (2007). Theoretische und schulpraktische Argumente für die Vereinbarkeit der beiden kontrovers diskutierten Konzepte Legasthenie/Allgemeine LRS. In G. Schulte-Körne (Hrsg.), Legasthenie und Dyskalkulie. Aktuelle Entwicklungen in Wissenschaft, Schule und Gesellschaft (S. 23–36). Bochum: Dr. Dieter Winkler.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ehri, L. C. (1997). Learning to read and learning to spell: Two sides of a coin. Topics in Language Disorders, 20, 19–36.

    Google Scholar 

  • Elbro, C., Nielsen, I., & Petersen, D. K. (1994). Dyslexia in adults: Evidence for deficits in non-word reading and in the phonological representation of lexical items. Annals of Dyslexia, 44, 203–226.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Esser, G. (1991). Was wird aus Kindern mit Teilleistungsstörungen? Stuttgart: Enke.

    Google Scholar 

  • Esser, G., & Schmidt M. H. (1993). Die langfristige Entwicklung von Kindern mit Lese-Rechtschreibschwäche. Zeitschrift für Klinische Psychologie, 22, 100–116.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fawcett, A. J. (2002). Dyslexia, the cerebellum and phonological skill. In E. Witruk, A. D. Friederici, & T. Lachmann (Hrsg.), Basic functions of language, reading and reading disability (S. 265–279). Boston: Kluwer/Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fawcett, A. J., & Nicolson, R. I. (2001). Dyslexia: The role of the cerebellum. In A. Fawcett (Hrsg.), Dyslexia. Theory and good practice (S. 89–106). London: Whurr.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fischbach, A., Schuchardt, K., Mähler, C., & Hasselhorn, M. (2010). Zeigen Kinder mit schulischen Minderleistungen sozio-emotionale Auffälligkeiten? Zeitschrift für Entwicklungspsychologie und pädagogische Psychologie, 42, 201–210.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fischbach, A., Schuchardt, K., Brandenburg, J., Klesczewski, J., Balke-Melcher, C., Schmidt, C., Büttner, G., Grube, D., Mähler, C., & Hasselhorn, M. (2013). Prävalenz von Lernschwächen und Lernstörungen: Zur Bedeutung der Diagnosekriterien. Lernen und Lernstörungen, 2, 65–76.

    Google Scholar 

  • Flannery K. A., Liederman, J., Daly, L., & Schulz, J. (2000). Male prevalence for reading disability is found in a large sample of black and white children free from ascertainment bias. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 6, 433–442.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Frith, U. (1986). A developmental framework for developmental dyslexia. Annals of Dyslexia, 36, 69–81.

    Google Scholar 

  • Galaburda, A. M., LoTurco, J., Ramus, F., Fitch, R. H., & Rosen, G. D. (2006). From genes to behavior in developmental dyslexia. Nature Neuroscience, 10, 1213–1217.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goswami, U. (2002). Phonology, reading development and dyslexia: A cross-linguistic perspective. Annals of Dyslexia, 52, 1–23.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gough, P. B., & Tunmer, W. E. (1986). Decoding, reading, and reading disability. RASE: Remedial and Special Education, 7, 6–10.

    Google Scholar 

  • Groth, K., Lachmann, T., Riecker, A., Muthmann, I., & Steinbrink, C. (2011). Developmental dyslexics show deficits in the processing of temporal auditory information in German vowel length discrimination. Reading and Writing, 24, 285–303.

    Google Scholar 

  • Habib, M. (2000). The neurological basis of developmental dyslexia. Brain, 123, 2373–2399.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hasselhorn, M., & Schuchardt, K. (2006). Lernstörungen. Eine kritische Skizze zur Epidemiologie. Kindheit und Entwicklung, 15, 208–215.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heim, S., Tschierse, J., Amunts, K., Wilms, M., Vossel, S., Willmes, K., Grabowska, A., & Huber, W. (2008). Cognitive subtypes of dyslexia. Acta Neurobiologia experimentalis, 68, 73–82.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jaarsveld, S., Lachmann, T., & van Leeuwen, C. (2012). Creative reasoning across developmental levels: Convergence and divergence in problem creation. Intelligence, 40, 172–188.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jimenez, J. E. (2002). Reading disabilities in a language with transparent orthography. In E. Witruk, A. D. Friederici, & T. Lachmann (Hrsg.), Basic functions of language, reading and reading disability (S. 251–264). Boston: Kluwer/Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jimenez, J. E., del Rosario Oritz, M. D., Rodrigo, M., Hernadez-Valle, I., Ramirez, G., Estevez, A., O`Shanahan. I., & de la Luz Trabaue, M. D. (2003). Do effects of computer-assisted practice differ for children with reading disabilities with and without IQ-achievement discrepancy? Journal of Learning Disabilities, 36, 34–47.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jimenez, J. E., Gunzman, R., Rodriguez, C., & Artiles, C. (2009). Prevalencia de las dificultades especificasde aprendizaje: la dyslexia en espanol. Anales de Psicologia, 25, 78–85.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jimenez, J. E., de la Cadena, C. G., Siegel, L. S., O’Shanahan, I., Garcia, E., & Rodriguez, C. (2011). Gender ratio and cognitive profiles in dyslexia: a cross-national study. Reading and Writing, 24, 729–747.

    Google Scholar 

  • Klicpera, C., Wolff, P. H., & Drake, C. (1981). Bimanual coordination in adolescent boys with reading retardation. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 23, 617–625.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Klicpera, C., Schabmann, A., & Gasteiger-Klicpera, B. (2007). Legasthenie. München: Reinhardt.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kohn, J., Wyschkon, A., Ballaschk, K. Ihle, W., & Esser, G. (2013). Verlauf von umschriebenen Entwicklungsstörungen: Eine 30-Monats-Follow-up-Studie. Lernen und Lernstörungen, 2, 77–89.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kraepelin, E. (1899). Psychiatrie. Ein Lehrbuch für Studierende und Ärzte (6. Aufl.). Leipzig: J. A. Barth.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krinzinger, H., & Günther, T. (2013). Lesen, Schreiben, Rechnen – gibt es Unterschiede zwischen Geschlechtern? Lernen und Lernstörungen, 2, 35–49.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kyriakides, L., Creemers, B. P. M., & Antoniou, P. (2009). Teacher behaviour and student outcomes: Suggestions for research on teacher training and professional development. Teaching and Teacher Education, 25 (1), 12–23.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lachmann, T. (2008). Experimental approaches to specific disabilities in learning to read: The case of Symmetry Generalization in developmental dyslexia. In N. Srinivasan, A. K. Gupta, & J. Pandey (Hrsg.), Advances in Cognitive Science (S. 321–342). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lachmann, T. & van Leeuwen, C. (2007). Paradoxical enhancement of letter recognition in developmental dyslexia. Developmental Neuropsychology, 31, 61–77.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lachmann, T., Berti, S., Kujala, T., & Schröger, E. (2005). Diagnostic subgroups of developmental dyslexia have different deficits in neural processing of tones and phonemes. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 56, 105–120.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lachmann, T., Steinbrink, C., Schumacher, B., & van Leeuwen, C. (2009a). Different letter-processing strategies in diagnostic subgroups of developmental dyslexia occur also in a transparent orthography: Reply to a commentary by Spinelli et al. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 26, 759–768.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lachmann, T., Schumacher, B., & van Leeuwen, C. (2009b). Controlled but independent: Effects of mental rotation and developmental dyslexia in dual-task settings. Perception, 38, 1019–1034.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Landerl, K., Wimmer, H., & Frith, U. (1997). The impact of orthographic consistency on dyslexia: A German-English comparison. Cognition, 63, 315–334.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Leinonen, S., Müller, K., Leppänen, P. H. T., Aro, M., Ahonen, T., & Lyytinen, H. (2001). Heterogeneity in adult dyslexic readers: Relating processing skills to the speed and accuracy of oral text reading. Reading and Writing, 14, 265–295.

    Google Scholar 

  • Liederman, J., Kantrowitz, L., & Flannery, K. (2005). Male vulnerability to reading disability is not likely to be a myth: A call for new data. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 38, 109–129.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mähler, C. & Schuchardt, K. (2011). Working memory in children with learning disabilities: Rethinking the criterion of discrepancy. International Journal of Disability Development and Education, 58, 5–17.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marx, P. (2004). Intelligenz und Lese-Rechtschreibschwierigkeiten. Macht es Sinn, Legasthenie und allgemeine Lese-Rechtschweibschwäche zu unterscheiden? Hamburg: Dr. Kovac.

    Google Scholar 

  • Miles, T. R., & Miles, E. M. (1999). Dyslexia: A hundred years on. Buckingham, UK: Open University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moll, K., & Landerl, K. (2009). Double dissociation between reading and spelling deficits. Scientific Studies of Reading, 13, 359–382.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moll, K., Wallner, R., & Landerl, K. (2012). Kognitive Korrelate der Lese- Leserechtschreib- und Rechtschreibstörung. Lernen und Lernstörungen, 1, 7–12.

    Google Scholar 

  • Morton, J., & Frith, U. (1995). Causal modelling: a structural approach to developmental psychopathology. In D. Ciccheti & D. Cohen (Hrsg.), Manual of developmental psychopathology, Band 1 (S. 357–390). New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nation, K. (2007). Children’s reading comprehension difficulties. In M. J. Snowling, & C. Hulme (Hrsg), The science of reading (S. 248–265). Malden, MA: Blackwell.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nation, K., & Snowling, M. J. (1998). Semantic processing and development of word-recognition skills: Evidence from children with reading comprehension difficulties. Journal of Memory and Language, 39, 85–101.

    Google Scholar 

  • Niklas, F., & Schneider, W. (2012). Die Anfänge geschlechtsspezifischer Leistungsunterschiede in mathematischen und schriftsprachlichen Kompetenzen. Zeitschrift für Entwicklungspsychologie und Pädagogische Psychologie, 44, 123–138.

    Google Scholar 

  • Orton, S. T. (1925). Word blindness in school children. Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry, 14, 581–615.

    Google Scholar 

  • Paulesu, E., Démonet, J.-F., Fazio, F., McCrory, E., Chanoine, V., Brunswick, N., Cappa, S. F., Cossu, G., Habib, M., Frith, C. D., & Frith, U. (2001). Dyslexia: Cultural diversity and biological unity. Science, 291, 2165–2167.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Plume, E., & Warnke, A. (2007). Definition, Symptomatik, Prävalenz und Diagnostik der Lese-Rechtschreibstörung. Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde, 4, 322–327.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pouretemad, H. R., Khatibi, A., Zarei, M., & Stein, J. (2011). Manifestations of developmental dyslexia in monolingual Persian speaking students. Archives of Iranian Medicine, 14, 259–265.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ramus, F., Rosen, S., Dakin, S. C. Day, B. L., Castellote, J. M., White, S., & Frith, U. (2003). Theories of developmental dyslexia: insights from a multiple case study of dyslexic adults. Brain, 126, 841–865.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Reuter-Liehr, C. (2003). Legasthenie – Diagnose und Therapie in der Kinder- und jugendpsychiatrischen Praxis. Forum der Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und Psychotherapie, 13/2, 43–65.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rost, D. H. (2010). Intelligenz, Hochbegabung, Vorschulerziehung, Bildungsbenachteiligung. Münster: Waxmann.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rusiak, P., Lachmann, T., Jaskowski, P., & van Leeuwen, C. (2007). Mental rotation of letters and shapes in developmental dyslexia. Perception, 36, 617–631.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rutter, M. & Yule, W. (1975). The concept of specific reading retardation. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 16, 181–197.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rutter, M. Caspi, A., Fergusson, D., Horwood, L.J., Goodman, R., Maughan, B., Moffitt, T.E., Meltzer, H., & Carroll, J. (2004). Gender differences in reading difficulties: Findings from four epidemiology studies. Journal of the American Medical Association, 291, 2007–2012.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Savage, R. (2007). Motor skills, automaticity and developmental dyslexia: A review of the research literature. Reading and Writing, 17, 301–324.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scheerer-Neumann, G. (2003). LRS und Legasthenie. Begriffliche Klärungen und inhaltliche Implikationen. In I. M. Naegele, & R. Valtin (Hrsg.), LRS – Legasthenie – in den Klassen 1-10 (S. 32–35). Weinheim: Beltz.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schulte-Körne, G. (2010). Diagnostik und Therapie der Lese-Rechtschreib-Störung. Deutsches Ärzteblatt, 107, 718–727.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schulte-Körne, G., Deimel, W., & Remschmidt, H. (2001). Zur Diagnostik der Lese-Rechtschreibstörung. Zeitschrift für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und Psychotherapie, 29, 113–116.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schulte-Körne, G., Deimel, W., & Remschmidt, H. (2003). Nachuntersuchungen einer Stichprobe von lese- und rechtschreibgestörten Kindern im Erwachsenenalter. Zeitschrift für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und Psychotherapie, 31, 267–276.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shaywitz, B. A., Fletcher, J. M., Holahan, J. M., & Shaywitz, S. E. (1992). Discrepancy compared to low achievement definitions of reading disability- Results from the Connecticut Longitudinal-Study. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 25, 639–648.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shaywitz, B. A., Skudlarski, P., Holahan, J., Marchione, K., Constable, R., Fulbright, R., Zeltman, D., Lacadi, C., & Shaywitz, S. E. (2007). Age-related changes in reading systems of dyslexic children. Annals of Neurology, 61, 363–370.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shaywitz, S. E. & Shaywitz, B. A. (2003). Dyslexia (specific reading disability). Pediatrics in Review, 5, 147–152.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shaywitz, S. E., Shaywitz, B. A., Fletcher, J. M., & Escobar M. D. (1990). Prevalence of reading disability in boys and girls. Journal of the American Medical Association, 264, 998–1002.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shaywitz, S. E., Escobar, M. D., Shaywitz, B. A., Fletcher, J. M., & Makuch, R. (1992). Evidence that dyslexia may represent the lower tail of a normal-distribution of reading-ability. New England Journal of Medicine, 326, 145–150.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shaywitz, S. E., Shaywitz, B. A., Fulbright, R., Skudlarski, P., Mencl, W., Constable, R., Pugh, K. R., Holahan, J. M., Marchione, K. E., Fletcher, J. M., Lyon, G. R., & Gore, J. C. (2003). Neural systems for compensation and persistence: young adult outcome of childhood reading disability. Biological Psychiatry, 54, 25–33.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shaywitz, S. E., Mody, M., & Shaywitz, B. A. (2006). Neural mechanisms in dyslexia. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 15, 278–281.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shaywitz, S. E., Morris, R., & Shaywitz, B. A. (2008). The education of dyslexic children from childhood to young adulthood. Annual Review of Psychology, 59, 451–475.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Siegel, L. (1992). An evaluation of the discrepancy definition of dyslexia. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 25, 618–629.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Siegel, L., & Smythe, I. S. (2005). Reflections on research on reading disability with special attention to gender issues. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 38, 473–980.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Siegel, L., & Smythe, I. S. (2011). The importance of phonological processing rather than IQ discrepancy in understanding adults´ reading disorders. In L. E. Wolf, H. E. Schreiber, & L. Wasserstein (Hrsg.), Adult learning disorders: Contemporary issues (S. 275–300). London: Taylor & Francis.

    Google Scholar 

  • Snowling, M. J. (2000) Dyslexia. Oxford: Blackwell.

    Google Scholar 

  • Snowling, M. J., & Hulme, C. (2007). Learning to read with a language impairment. In M. J. Snowling, & C. Hulme (Hrsg.), The science of reading: A handbook (S. 397–412). Oxford: Blackwell.

    Google Scholar 

  • Spinelli, D., Brizzolara, D., De Luca, M., Gasperini, F., Martelli, M., & Zoccolotti, P. (2010). Subtypes of developmental dyslexia in transparent orthographies: A comment on Lachmann and van Leeuwen (2008). Cognitive Neuropsychology, 26, 752–758.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sprenger-Charolles, L., Siegel, L., Jimenez, J. E., & Ziegler, J. (2011). Prevalence and reliability of phonological, surface, and mixed profiles in dyslexia: A review of studies conducted in languages varying in orthographic depth. Scientific Studies of Reading, 15, 498–521.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stanovich, K. E. (1994). Annotation: Does dyslexia exist? Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 35, 579–595.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stein, J. (2002). The neurobiology of reading disabilities. In E. Witruk, A. D. Friederici, & T. Lachmann (Hrsg.), Basic functions of language, reading and reading disability (S. 199–213). Boston: Kluwer/Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Suzuki, K., Uno, A., Haruhara, N., Kaneko, M., Wydell, T. N., Awaya, N., Kozuka, J., & Goto, T. (2010). Characteristics of Hiragana and Katakana writing in children with developmental dyslexia, evaluated by the Screening Test of Reading and Writing for Japanese primary school children (STRAW). The Japan Journal of Logopedics and Phoniatrics, 51, 1–11.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tallal, P. (1980). Auditory temporal perception, phonics, and reading disabilities in children. Brain and Language, 9, 182–198.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tanaka, H., Black, J. K., Hulme, C., Stanley, L. M., Kesler, S. R., Whitfield-Gabrieli, S., Reis, A. L., Gabrieli, J. D., & Hoeft, F. (2011). The brain basis of the phonological deficit in dyslexia is independent of IQ. Psychological Science, 22, 1442–1451.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Uhry, J. K. (2002). Kindergarten phonological awareness and rapid serial naming as predictors of Grade 2 reading and spelling. In E. Witruk, A. D. Friederici, & T. Lachmann (Hrsg.), Basic functions of language, reading and reading disability (S. 299–314). Boston: Kluwer/Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Valtin, R. (2001). Von der klassischen Legasthenie zu LRS – notwendige Klarstellungen. In I. M. Naegele, & R. Valtin (Hrsg.), LRS – Legasthenie in den Klassen 1–10 (S. 16–35). Weinheim: Beltz.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vellutino, F., Scanlon, D. M., & Lyon, G. R. (2000). Differentiating between difficult-to-remediate and readily remediated poor readers – More evidence aginst the IQ-achievement discrepancy definition of reading disability. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 33, 223–238.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vellutino, F. R., Fletcher, J. M., Snowling, M. J., & Scanlon, D. M. (2004). Specific Reading Disability (Dyslexia): What have we learned in the past four decades? Journal of Child Psychology & Psychiatry, 45, 2–40.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vandermosten, M., Boets, B., Luts, H., Poelans, H., Wouters, J., & Ghesquière, P. (2011). Impairments in speech and nonspeech sound categorization in children with dyslexia are driven by temporal processing difficulties. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 32, 593–603.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Warnke, A. (2008). Umschriebene Entwicklungsstörungen. Heidelberg: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Watson, C. & Willows, D. M. (1993). Evidence for a visual-processing-deficit subtype among disabled readers. In D. M. Willows, R. S. Kruk, & E. Corcos (Hrsg.), Visual Processing in Reading and Reading Disabilities (S. 287–310). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weber, J. M., Marx, P., & Schneider, W. (2002). Profitieren Legastheniker und allgemein lese-rechtschreibschwache Kinder in unterschiedlichem Ausmaß von einem Rechtschreibtraining? Psychologie in Erziehung und Unterricht, 49, 56–70.

    Google Scholar 

  • Willows, D. M. (1993). Are there differences between disabled and normal readers in their processing of visual information? In D. M. Willows, R. S. Kruk, & E. Corcos (Hrsg.), Visual Processing in Reading and Reading Disabilities (S. 265–386). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • White, S., Milne, E., Rosen, S., Hansen, P. Swettenham, J., Frith, U., & Ramus, F. (2006). The role of sensorimotor impairments in dyslexia: A multiple case study of children. Develpmental Science, 9, 237–255.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wimmer, H. (1993). Characteristics of developmental dyslexia in a regular writing system. Applied Psycholinguistics, 14, 1–33.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wimmer, H., Mayringer, H., & Landerl, K. (2000). The double deficit hypothesis and difficulties in learning to read a regular orthography. Journal of Educational Psychology, 92 (4), 668–680.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wolf, M., & Bowers, P. G. (1999). The Double-Deficit Hypothesis for the developmental dyslexias. Journal of Educational Psychology, 91, 415–438.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wyschkon, A., Kohn, J., Ballaschk, K., & Esser, G. (2009). Sind Rechenstörungen genauso häufig wie Lese-Rechtschreibstörungen? Zeitschrift für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und Psychotherapie, 37, 499–512.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ziegler, J., Perry, C., Ma-Wyatt, A., Ladner, D., & Schulte-Körne, G. (2003). Developmental dyslexia in different languages: Language-specific or universal? Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 86, 169–193.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Weiterführende Links

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Claudia Steinbrink PD .

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2014 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Steinbrink, C., Lachmann, T. (2014). Klassifikation und Erscheinungsbild der Lese-Rechtschreibstörung. In: Lese-Rechtschreibstörung. Springer VS, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41842-6_3

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41842-6_3

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer VS, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-41841-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-41842-6

  • eBook Packages: Humanities, Social Science (German Language)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics