Abstract
History shows that most organs, but not their coherence and function, were known by medieval scientists. The swing-over occurred in Italy in the sixteenth century in the universities of Padua and Bologna. Due to the dissections of human bodies, which demonstrated the interrelations between human organs, critical reviews, and new findings originated. The Dutch seventeenth century research completed the needed anatomical understanding, but the human bony pelvis was misleadingly depicted and described by Van Deventer. It is remarkable that these incorrect pelvic ideas still pertain up until today.
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Literature
Literature has been grouped in reference lists of several chapters in those cases where arguments are difficult to entangle or published over several articles or books. In cases of citation the article or book involved is indicated by the reference number together with a capital Arabic letter.
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Addendum Chapter 2: A series of articles around the 1900s still resound. They brought forward that Leonardo’s book on human anatomy was plagiarized by Vesalius63. Another charge was the take over of pictures from Estienne without permission by Vesalius64. These accusations were investigated by J.P. McMurrich, and could clearly be denied65. Serious criticism on the contribution of Leonardo da Vinci as an inventor and genius scientist has been brought forward by J.H.Randall Jr.66 This point of view cannot be kept if one notices the enormous amount of confirming books67 on Leonardo’s machines and robots, its importance still for nowadays engineering68 and e.g. the articles in the journal “Leonardo” on Leonardo’s inventions68
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Marani, E., Koch, W.F. (2014). History. In: The Pelvis. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40006-3_4
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