Abstract
Atoll Island States form part of the Alliance of Small Island States, a coalition of States within the United Nations that share a growing concern about the environment and the effects that climate change can have on the fragile ecosystems of islands. Their first political manifestation was at a 1989 conference held in Malé, and since then they have become increasingly vocal in the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) negotiations. A key demand by AOSIS in recent climate change negotiations has been the adoption of a “loss and damage proposal”, drawing on numerous principles of international law, including polluter pays, intergenerational equity, trans-boundary harm and responsibility of a State. The proposal seems to slowly be finding its way into the negotiations, with the COP18 in Doha establishing a “pathway” for such a notion, which could lead to the creation of an international solidarity fund that would compensate countries for economic and non-economic losses stemming from slow-onset climate impacts (such as coral bleaching, ocean acidification and sea level rise).
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Notes
- 1.
David (2010).
- 2.
David (2010).
- 3.
David (2010).
- 4.
Barnett and Campbell (2010), p. 86.
- 5.
Barnett and Campbell (2010), p. 87.
- 6.
Barnett and Campbell (2010), p. 87.
- 7.
Trust (2012).
- 8.
Trust (2012).
- 9.
Trust (2012).
- 10.
Trust (2012).
- 11.
UNFCCC (2012).
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IPCC 4AR.
- 13.
David (2010).
- 14.
Earth Negotiations Bulletin (2012), p. 2.
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Earth Negotiations Bulletin (2012), p. 27.
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Hyvarinen (2011), p. 3.
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Hyvarinen (2011), p. 3.
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Söderbergh (2011), p. 2.
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Schewe et al. (2011), pp. 25–31.
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Söderbergh (2011), p. 3.
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Earth Negotiations Bulletin (2012), p. 2.
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Hyvarinen (2011), p. 3.
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Hyvarinen (2011), p. 3.
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Hyvarinen (2011), p. 1.
- 25.
Betzold et al. (2011), p. 592.
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Betzold et al. (2011), p. 592.
- 27.
UNFCCC (2012).
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UNFCCC (2012).
- 29.
UNFCCC (2012).
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UNFCCC (2012).
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BBC (2012).
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David (2010).
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Grote (2011), p. 264.
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David (2010).
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AOSIS website (2012).
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Webb and Kench (2010), p. 234.
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David (2010).
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Barnett and Campbell (2010), p. 37.
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Barnett and Campbell (2010), pp. 36–45, p. 98.
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According to the CIA (2012).
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Barnett and Campbell (2010), pp. 37–43.
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Barnett and Campbell (2010), p. 42.
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Barnett and Campbell (2010), p. 42.
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UNFCCC (2007).
- 45.
Warner et al. (2009), p. 6.
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Warner et al. (2009), p. 5.
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Pelling and Uitto (2001), p. 49.
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As explained in the IPCC 4AR.
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Grant (2000), p. 181.
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Warner et al. (2009), p. 6.
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Warner et al. (2009), p. 22.
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Warner et al. (2009), p. 22.
- 54.
David (2010).
- 55.
David (2010).
- 56.
Malé Declaration on Global Warming and Sea Level Rise, adopted by the Small States Conference on Sea Level Rise, held in Malé, Maldives, 14–18 November 1989.
- 57.
Grote (2011), p. 264.
- 58.
Betzold et al. (2011), p. 595.
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Betzold et al. (2011), p. 592.
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Betzold et al. (2011), p. 592.
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See AOSIS website and Betzold et al. (2011).
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Declaration on Human Dimensions of Global Climate change, www.ciel.org/Publications/Male_Declaration_Nov07.pdf, and Söderbergh (2011), p. 191.
- 63.
Maclellan (2009), p. 21.
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Maas and Carius (2012), p. 651.
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- 66.
David (2010).
- 67.
Söderbergh (2011), p. 20.
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Betzold et al. (2011), p. 1.
- 69.
Interview between Jane McAdam and the Kiribati Solicitor-General David Lambourne, as explained in McAdam (2011), p. 116.
- 70.
Interview between Jane McAdam and the President Anote Tong of Kiribati, as explained in McAdam (2011), pp. 102–137. Is this correct?
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McAdam (2011), pp. 102–137.
- 72.
Interview between Jane McAdam and the Kiribati Solicitor-General David Lambourne, as explained in McAdam (2011), p. 116.
- 73.
Betzold et al. (2011).
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AOSIS (2012).
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BBC (2012).
- 76.
Trust (2012).
- 77.
Trust (2012).
- 78.
Trust (2012).
- 79.
Trust (2012).
- 80.
UNFCCC (2012).
- 81.
Earth Negotiations Bulletin (2012), p. 20.
- 82.
BBC (2012).
- 83.
BBC (2012).
- 84.
David (2010).
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Yamamoto, L., Esteban, M. (2014). Climate Change Negotiations and AOSIS. In: Atoll Island States and International Law. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-38186-7_4
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