Abstract
Controlled Auto Ignition (CAI), also known as Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI), is one of the most promising combustion technologies to reduce the fuel consumption and NOx emissions. Currently, CAI combustion is constrained at part load operation conditions because of misfire at low load and knocking combustion at high load, and the lack of effective means to control the combustion process. Extending its operating range including high load boundary towards full load and low load boundary towards idle in order to allow the CAI engine to meet the demand of whole vehicle driving cycles, has become one of the key issues facing the industrialisation of CAI/HCCI technology. Furthermore, this combustion mode should be compatible to different fuels, and can switch back to conventional spark ignition operation when necessary. In this paper, the CAI operation is demonstrated on a 2-stroke gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine equipped with a poppet valve train. The results shown that the CAI combustion can be readily achieved in the 2-stroke cycle of a poppet valve engine and the range of CAI combustion can be significantly extended compared to the 4-stroke cycle operation. In addition, the effects of ethanol concentration on 2-stroke CAI operational range, combustion process, emissions and efficiencies are studied and presented.
F2012-A01-013
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Zhao H (ed) (2007) HCCI and CAI engines for the automotive industry. Woodhead Publishing, Cambridge
Zhao F, Asmus TW, Assanis DN, Dec JE, Eng JA, Najt PM (2003) Homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engines, key research and development issues, SAE Publication PT-94, Society of Automotive Engineers
Lavy J et al (2000) Innovative ultra-low NOx controlled auto-ignition combustion process for gasoline enignes: the 4-SPACE project. SAE paper 2000-01-1837
Koopmans L et al (2001) A four stroke camless engine, operated in homogeneous charge compression ignition mode with commercial gasoline. SAE paper 2001-01-3610
Law D et al (2001) Controlled combustion in an IC-engine with a fully variable valve train. SAE paper 2001-01-0251
Zhao H et al (2002) Performance and analysis of a 4-stroke multi-cylinder gasoline engine with CAI combustion. SAE paper 2002-01-0420
Fuerhapter A et al (2003) CSI—Controlled auto ignition—the best solution for the fuel consumption—versus emission trade-off? SAE paper 2003-01-0754
Zhang Y, Zhao H et al (2011) Effects of injection timing on CAI operation in a 2/4-stroke switchable GDI engine. SAE paper 2011-01-1773
Zhang Y, Zhao H et al (2011) Experiment and analysis of a direct injection gasoline engine operating with 2-stroke and 4-stroke cycles of spark ignition and controlled auto-ignition combustion. SAE paper 2011-01-1774
Osborne RJ, Stokes J, Lake TH et al (2005) Development of a two-stroke/four-stroke switching gasoline engine—the 2/4SIGHT concept, SAE paper 2005-01-1137
Sadakane S et al (2005) Development of a new V-6 high performance stoichiometric gasoline direct injection engine. SAE paper 2005-01-1152
Zhao H, Ladommatos N (2001) Engine combustion instrumentation and diagnostics, P29, SAE
Heywood JB, Sher E (1999) The two-stroke cycle engine, P3, SAE
Heywood JB (1988) Internal combustion engines fundamentals, P29. McGraw-Hill Inc, New York
Zhang Y, Zhao H, Ojapah M, Cairns A (2011) Analysis of CAI/HCCI combustion in a 2-stroke poppet valve engine. In: ImechE conference on internal combustion engines: improving performance, fuel economy and emissions, London
Yang C, Zhao H, Megaritis T (2009) In-cylinder studies of CAI combustion with negative valve overlap and simultaneous chemiluminescence analysis. SAE technical paper 2009-01-1103. doi:10.4271/2009-01-1103
Zhang Y, Zhao H, Xie H, Hou S, Yang C (2010) Characterization and heat release model development of SI-CAI hybrid combustion and its application to a 4-stroke gasoline engine operating with highly diluted mixtures. In: 33rd international symposium of combustion, 3E07. Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
Zhang Y, Zhao H (2012) Measurement of short-circuiting and its effect on CAI or HCCI combustion in a two-stroke poppet valve engine. In: Proceedings of the institution of mechanical engineers. Part D J Automob Eng doi:10.1177/0954407011434252
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Zhang, Y., Zhao, H., Ojapah, M., Cairns, A. (2013). CAI Combustion of Gasoline and its Mixture with Ethanol in a 2-Stroke Poppet Valve DI Gasoline Engine. In: Proceedings of the FISITA 2012 World Automotive Congress. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, vol 189. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33841-0_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33841-0_5
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-33840-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-33841-0
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)