Abstract
Related sciences such as physics, chemistry, and biology merge seamlessly into each other, which makes it difficult for us to clearly distinguish among these sciences. The terms “biophysics,” “physical chemistry,” or “biochemistry” imply the flowing connectivity between scientific fields. The topics in this book are, therefore, assigned to the various scientific chapters somewhat arbitrarily.
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Notes
- 1.
Antoine Lavoisier (1743–1794), French chemist who disproved the “Phlogiston theory.”
- 2.
Antoine Henri Becquerel (1852–1908).
- 3.
Marie Skłodowska-Curie (1867–1934).
Antoine Becquerel first discovered that uranium had radioactive properties. Marie Curie and her husband Pierre Curie later discovered that the elements polonium and radium also had radioactive properties. The Nobel Prize for physics 1903 was divided with one half awarded to Antoine Becquerel the other half jointly to Marie Curie and her husband Pierre Curie.
- 4.
Ernest Rutherford (1871–1937) showed that nitrogen exposed to alpha radiation changed into oxygen.
- 5.
Albert Einstein (1879–1955) received the Nobel Prize for physics for the discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect.
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Flammer, J., Mozaffarieh, M., Bebie, H. (2013). Some History of Chemistry. In: Basic Sciences in Ophthalmology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32261-7_8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32261-7_8
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