Abstract
This paper focuses on a nets-within-nets approach to model, simulate and evaluate innovative space system architectures. Indeed, as military Earth observation space systems are more and more subjected to a wide spectrum of emerging space threats and attacks, it is necessary to devise new architectures and to assess their performance and their threat-tolerance. We will consider networked constellations of autonomous microsatellites - or Autonomous Networked Constellations (ANCs) - in which several heterogeneous interacting entities (satellites and ground stations), ruled by the space dynamics laws, rely on resources (functions or sub-systems) to achieve the overall Earth observation mission. Petri nets are well adapted for modeling ANCs as they feature event-triggered state changes and concurrent communication accesses. The ANC model is based on Renew 2.2 which we use to deal with top-down, bottom-up and horizontal synchronizations so as to represent state propagations from an entity to its nested resources and vice-versa, and from an entity to another one. A model and simulation of a simple ANC subjected to threats are given and discussed.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Barnhart, C., Ziemer, R.: Topological analysis of networks composed of multiple satellites. In: Tenth Annual International Phoenix Conference on Computers and Communications, US Naval Res. Lab., Washington, DC (1991)
Brown, O., Eremenko, P.: Fractionated space architectures: a vision for responsive space. In: 4th Responsive Space Conference. AIAA, Los Angeles (2006)
Cabac, L., Moldt, D., Rölke, H.: A Proposal for Structuring Petri Net-Based Agent Interaction Protocols. In: van der Aalst, W.M.P., Best, E. (eds.) ICATPN 2003. LNCS, vol. 2679, pp. 102–120. Springer, Heidelberg (2003)
Celaya, J.R., Desrochers, A.A., Graves, R.J.: Modeling and analysis of multi-agent systems using Petri nets. Journal of Computers 4(10), 981–996 (2009)
Cougnet, C., Gerber, B., Dufour, J.-F.: New technologies for improving satellite maintainability, flexibility and responsiveness. In: Toulouse Space Show 2010, TechnoDis Symposium, Toulouse, France (2010)
Cristini, F.: Robust satellite networks: solutions against emerging space threats. In: 18th IFAC Symposium on Automatic Control in Aerospace, Nara, Japan (2010)
Cristini, F., Tessier, C., Bensana, E.: Satellite network architectures against emerging space menaces. In: Toulouse Space Show 2010, TechnoDis Symposium, Toulouse, France (2010)
Cristini, F., Tessier, C., Bensana, E.: Satellite network architectures against emerging space threats. In: 10th International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence, Robotics and Automation in Space (iSAIRAS), Sapporo, Japan (2010)
Girault, C., Valk, R.: Petri Nets for System Engineering: A Guide to Modeling, Verification, and Applications. Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., Secaucus (2001)
Jaramillo, C. (ed.): Space Security Index 2011, Executive summary. Project Ploughshares and the McGill University Institute of Air and Space Law, Canada (2011)
Jensen, K., Kristensen, L.M.: Hierarchical coloured Petri nets. In: Coloured Petri Nets, pp. 95–125. Springer, Heidelberg (2009)
Köhler, M.: Mobile object net systems: Petri nets as active tokens. Technical Report 320, University of Hamburg, Department of Computer Science (2002)
Kummer, O.: Introduction to Petri Nets and Reference Nets. Sozionik Aktuell 1, 1–9 (2001)
Kummer, O., Wienberg, F., Duvigneau, M., Cabac, L.: Renew - User Guide. Release 2.2. Technical report, Theoretical Foundations Group, Departement of Informations, University of Hamburg (2009)
Kummer, O., Wienberg, F., Duvigneau, M., Schumacher, J., Köhler, M., Moldt, D., Rölke, H., Valk, R.: An Extensible Editor and Simulation Engine for Petri Nets: Renew. In: Cortadella, J., Reisig, W. (eds.) ICATPN 2004. LNCS, vol. 3099, pp. 484–493. Springer, Heidelberg (2004)
Laborde, B., Castel, C., Gabard, J.-F., Soumagne, R., Tessier, C.: FDIR strategies for autonomous satellite formations - A preliminary report. In: AAAI 2006 Fall Symposium ”Space Autonomy: Using AI to Expand Human Space Exploration”, Washington DC, USA (2006)
Lee, L., Nwana, H., Ndumu, D., Wilde, P.D.: The stability, scalability and performance of multi-agent systems. BT Technology Journal 16(3), 94–103 (1998)
Lomazova, I.A.: Nested Petri Nets: a formalism for specification and verification of multi-agent distributed systems. Fundamenta Informaticae 43, 195–214 (2000)
NASA. Glossary - NASA Crew Exploration Vehicle, SOL NNT05AA01J, Attachment J-6 (2005), http://www.spaceref.com/news/viewsr.html?pid=15201
Sánchez-Herrera, R., Villanueva-Paredes, N., López-Mellado, E.: High-Level Modelling of Cooperative Mobile Robot Systems. In: Alami, R., Chatila, R., Asama, H. (eds.) Distributed Autonomous Robotic Systems 6, pp. 431–440. Springer, Heidelberg (2007)
Valk, R.: Petri Nets as Token Objects: An Introduction to Elementary Object Nets. In: Desel, J., Silva, M. (eds.) ICATPN 1998. LNCS, vol. 1420, pp. 1–24. Springer, Heidelberg (1998)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2012 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Cristini, F., Tessier, C. (2012). Nets-within-Nets to Model Innovative Space System Architectures. In: Haddad, S., Pomello, L. (eds) Application and Theory of Petri Nets. PETRI NETS 2012. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 7347. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31131-4_19
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31131-4_19
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-31130-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-31131-4
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)