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Phytogeographical Mapping

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Plant and Vegetation Mapping

Part of the book series: Geobotany Studies ((GEOBOT))

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Abstract

The purpose of phytogeographical mapping is to subdivide land areas of the globe into plant-geographic units (or subdivisions) based on plant-systematic categories, i.e. orders, families, genera and species, especially endemic species and their respective areas, biogenetic centers and geological age. A phytogeographic unit, in this sense, thus represents a territory that possesses a specific, homogeneous flora, with endemic families, genera and species, and that resulted from a common evolutionary history under conditions of relative geographic isolation. Pignatti (1988a) notes that a phytogeographical zone is a unique area with a significant number of species that occur only there.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    There are several bases for botanical subdivision of the earth, including floristic, geobotanical and botanical-geographic. According to Karamysheva and Rachkovskaya (1975), floristic subdivision is based on systematic, geographic and genetic analysis of the flora and takes into account its qualitative and quantitative composition; geobotanical subdivision is based on data and geographical laws for plant distribution in relation to environmental conditions; and botanical-geographic subdivision combines floristic features and vegetation composition and structure. Thus, the phytogeographic maps described in this chapter are floristic maps (first type); the maps described in Chap. 10 (climatic-vegetational maps) are geobotanical maps (second type); and the maps described in Chap. 8 (catenal, or geo-synphytosociological maps) are botanical-geographic maps (third type).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy

    Franco Pedrotti

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  1. Franco Pedrotti
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Pedrotti, F. (2013). Phytogeographical Mapping. In: Plant and Vegetation Mapping. Geobotany Studies. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-30235-0_9

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