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Altersabhängige Effekte

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Funktionelle MRT in Psychiatrie und Neurologie

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Zusammenfassung

Im letzten Jahrzehnt gab es einen enormen Wissenszuwachs über die neuralen Grundlagen des kognitiven Alterns. Die funktionelle Bildgebung lieferte eine Reihe von überraschenden Erkenntnissen zu den Mechanismen, wie funktionelle Netzwerke altersbedingte anatomische Veränderungen kompensieren. In diesem Kapitel soll auf die wichtigsten kognitiven Domänen eingegangen werden, deren neurale Funktion sich mit zunehmendem Alter verändert. Dazu zählen das episodische Gedächtnis, die Exekutivfunktionen und die emotionale Verarbeitung. Diskutiert wird eine Reihe von aktuellen neurophysiologischen Modellen, welche das parallele Vorkommen von Unteraktivität auf der einen Seite und kompensatorischer Überaktivität auf der anderen Seite erklären. Neben der aufgabenspezifischen Aktivierung wird zudem die Untersuchung von spontanen Signalfluktuationen in sog. Resting-State-Netzwerken unter Ruhebedingungen beleuchtet. Abschließend soll auf technische und anatomische Besonderheiten eingegangen werden, welche die Analyse altersbedingter fMRT-Veränderungen beeinflussen können.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Klinikum der Universität zu Köln, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937, Köln

    PD Dr. Juraj Kukolja

  2. Institut für Neurowissenschaften und Medizin (INM-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich

    PD Dr. Juraj Kukolja

  3. Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik, Universitätsklinikum Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen

    Dr. Bianca Voss

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  1. PD Dr. Juraj Kukolja
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  2. Dr. Bianca Voss
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Universitätsklinikum Aachen, Aachen

    Frank Schneider

  2. Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich

    Gereon R. Fink

  3. Uniklinik Köln, Köln

    Gereon R. Fink

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Kukolja, J., Voss, B. (2013). Altersabhängige Effekte. In: Schneider, F., Fink, G.R. (eds) Funktionelle MRT in Psychiatrie und Neurologie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-29800-4_14

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-29800-4_14

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-29799-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-29800-4

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