Abstract
Plasmons as collective excitations of the carriers in a partly filled band do not usually exist in pure semiconductors under thermodynamic equilibrium, since the probability of thermal excitation across the forbidden gap is almost negligible, except for narrow gap semiconductors or for semimetals.
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Klingshirn, C.F. (2012). Optical Properties of Plasmons, Plasmon–Phonon Mixed States and of Magnons. In: Semiconductor Optics. Graduate Texts in Physics. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28362-8_12
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