Transient Full Maxwell Computation of Slow Processes

Abstract

This article deals with finite element solution of the full linear Maxwell’s equations. The focus lies on the transient simulation of slow processes, i.e. of processes, where wave propagation does not play a role. We employ an implicit Euler method for time discretization of the A, φ-based Galerkin-formulation with Coulomb-gauge. We propose a novel stabilization technique that makes possible the use of very large timesteps. This is of supreme importance for efficient simulation of slow processes in order to keep the number of timesteps reasonably small. The greatly improved robustness in comparison with a standard formulation is demonstrated through numerical experiments. As an example we simulate the lightning impulse test of an industrial dry-type transformer.