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Regulatory Pathways Coordinating Cell Cycle Progression in Early Xenopus Development

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Cell Cycle in Development

Part of the book series: Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation ((RESULTS))

Abstract

The African clawed frog, Xenopus laevis, is used extensively as a model organism for studying both cell development and cell cycle regulation. For over 20 years now, this model organism has contributed to answering fundamental questions concerning the mechanisms that underlie cell cycle transitions – the cellular components that synthesize, modify, repair, and degrade nucleic acids and proteins, the signaling pathways that allow cells to communicate, and the regulatory pathways that lead to selective expression of subsets of genes. In addition, the remarkable simplicity of the Xenopus early cell cycle allows for tractable manipulation and dissection of the basic components driving each transition. In this organism, early cell divisions are characterized by rapid cycles alternating phases of DNA synthesis and division. The post-blastula stages incorporate gap phases, lengthening progression, and allowing more time for DNA repair. Various cyclin/Cdk complexes are differentially expressed during the early cycles with orderly progression being driven by both the combined action of cyclin synthesis and degradation and the appropriate selection of specific substrates by their Cdk components. Like other multicellular organisms, chief developmental events in early Xenopus embryogenesis coincide with profound remodeling of the cell cycle, suggesting that cell proliferation and differentiation events are linked and coordinated through crosstalk mechanisms acting on signaling pathways involving the expression of cell cycle control genes.

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to acknowledge the collective effort done by many groups in the past 30 years that helped reveal the mysteries of a process central of all living organisms and which is relevant to normal development and disease. We apologize in advance to our colleagues for any unintentional omissions of relevant work in this chapter. C.V.F. is indebted to Dr. J. Maller. C.V.F. is supported by a National Science Foundation CAREER Award. We are thankful to Janet Webster for her invaluable assistance during manuscript preparation.

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  1. Integrated Cellular Responses Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1981 Kraft Drive, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA

    Tetsuya Gotoh, Linda M. Villa & Carla V. Finkielstein

  2. Protein Signaling Domains Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1981 Kraft Drive, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA

    Daniel G. S. Capelluto

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  1. Tetsuya Gotoh
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  2. Linda M. Villa
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  4. Carla V. Finkielstein
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Correspondence to Carla V. Finkielstein .

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  1. CNRS UMR 6061, Fac. Médecine, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes CX, 35043, France

    Jacek Z. Kubiak

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Gotoh, T., Villa, L.M., Capelluto, D.G.S., Finkielstein, C.V. (2011). Regulatory Pathways Coordinating Cell Cycle Progression in Early Xenopus Development. In: Kubiak, J. (eds) Cell Cycle in Development. Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-19065-0_9

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