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How Type of Malignancy and Treatment Assist in the Etiological Diagnosis

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Pulmonary Involvement in Patients with Hematological Malignancies

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Abstract

The type of immune deficiency affects the risk of specific pulmonary complications. The risk of infection is particularly high when neutropenia develops and is chiefly associated with infections by extracellular pyogenic bacteria and fungi. B-lymphocyte dysfunction due to chemotherapy or lymphoproliferative disorders is associated with bacterial infections, especially due pyogenic bacteria. Impaired cellular immunity, with T-lymphocyte dysfunction or steroid therapy, is associated with intracellular bacteria, viral and fungal infections, for example, due to Pneumocystis jirovecii. The best example for the relation between specific immune deficiency and infection is the well-known three time periods, defined after allogeneic stem-cell transplantation. Severe specific immune dysfunction is present during each period following stem-cell transplantation. Furthermore, in this context, the activation of the inflammatory cascades and T-cell alloreactivity explain the occurrence of many non-infectious complications.

To know the specific cause of immune dysfunction could help in the reasoning for the best diagnostic method and for the choice of an empirical infectious treatment.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Medical Intensive Care Unit, Hôpital Pellegrin-Tripode, Place Amélie Raba Léon, 33076, Bordeaux cedex, France

    Alexandre Boyer & Didier Gruson

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  1. Alexandre Boyer
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  2. Didier Gruson
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Correspondence to Didier Gruson .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Service de Réanimation Médicale, Hôpital Saint Louis, Avenue Claude Vellefaux 1, Paris, 75010, France

    Elie Azoulay

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Boyer, A., Gruson, D. (2011). How Type of Malignancy and Treatment Assist in the Etiological Diagnosis. In: Azoulay, E. (eds) Pulmonary Involvement in Patients with Hematological Malignancies. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15742-4_11

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15742-4_11

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-15741-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-15742-4

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