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Experimental Results and Discussion

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Magnetothermal Properties near Quantum Criticality in the Itinerant Metamagnet Sr3Ru2O7

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Abstract

The aim of this study is to investigate the entropy of Sr3Ru2O7 in the vicinity of the proposed quantum critical end point. Of particular interest are the entropic properties of the material in relation to the phase formation of the anomalous ‘electron nematic’ [1]. The phase diagram as established before this project was discussed in detail in Sect. 2.2.2. The most important aspects are summarized in the following, in order to be able to put the detailed results presented here in context with the wider phase diagram. For this purpose Fig. 2.15 from Chap. 2 is reproduced below. For more details please refer to Sect. 2.2.2.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    The measurement was performed with a temperature modulation at a frequency of 70 mHz and an oscillation amplitude not exceeding ±3% of the sample temperature. The sweep rate was 0.01 T/min in order to keep the temperature variation due to the magnetocaloric effect to below ±1.5%. The data were analysed as discussed in Sects. 3.2.1 and 4.4.2.

  2. 2.

    The magnetic fields for all magnetocaloric measurements have been corrected for a known hysteresis in the field sweep of ±15 mT.

  3. 3.

    Though a power law fit over a limited region with three free parameters cannot be considered very reliable it is worth pointing out that according to the Clausius–Clapeyron relation the fact that the fit of the power b is consistent with 2 results in the entropy jump divided by temperature, i.e. ΔS/T, to be proportional to the jump in magnetisation across the transition, ΔM.

  4. 4.

    These were found to be approximately 50 mT lower than measured in the magnetocaloric sweeps. This is an indication that during the magnetisation measurements by R.S. Perry the magnetic field was applied at a small angle with the c-axis.

  5. 5.

    The same temperature modulation as discussed in the previous section has been employed. Furthermore the magnetic field was kept constant and the temperature of the copper ring was continuously lowered at a rate of 2.25 mK/min.

  6. 6.

    The weight of the Sr3Ru2O7 sample used is 2.4 mg and was cut from a piece directly adjacent to the single crystal used primarily in this work.

  7. 7.

    Another way of stating the significance of the jump of entropy ΔS is that at its maximum at around 400 mK its absolute value is of the order of 0.1% of \(R\ln (2)\)/Ru-mol, with R being the gas constant and the ‘2’ a somewhat arbitrary choice representing the degrees of freedom of a high temperature system of fluctuating independent spins.

  8. 8.

    The in-plane a and b lattice constant of the unit cell are approximately 0.4 nm. A domain is therefore expected to contain of the order of (0.5 μm)2/(0.4 nm)2 unit cells if one assumes that the domains are quasi-two-dimensional due to the quasi-two-dimensional character of the electronic system.

  9. 9.

    Though the experimentally observed ‘nematic-like’ resistivity properties of the anomalous novel phase are not a direct subject of this thesis it should be noted that no explicit calculation of the transport properties has been carried out to my knowledge.

  10. 10.

    All measurements on magnetocaloric oscillations presented in this work were performed on sample C698K with a mass of 23 mg. This is the same sample as used for the angular study reported later on. Quantum oscillations were observed in all samples used during the measurements.

  11. 11.

    The temperature of the sample for this spectrum is 150 mK and the field range over which the Fourier transform was done is 3.6 T–7.1 T.

  12. 12.

    The deviations as a function of temperature in the high field state are due to systematic errors when integrating up the magnetocaloric traces as a function of magnetic field. Since this integration is done with reference to 5 T a small random error in any of the quantities can accumulate over the integration range.

  13. 13.

    This is not the graph originally published by the authors. The data shown here is corrected for an error in the density of states for the γ 1 band which was overestimated by a factor of 2.

  14. 14.

    ARPES is not a bulk but surface probe. It is always possible that a small surface reconstruction results in small changes of the band structure at the surface relative to the bulk. This however, is assumed in first order to only shift the bands relative to each other but not actually to affect the amplitude of the single particle density of states.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Scottish Universities Physics Alliance (SUPA), School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews, KY16 9SS, UK

    Andreas W. Rost

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Rost, A.W. (2010). Experimental Results and Discussion. In: Magnetothermal Properties near Quantum Criticality in the Itinerant Metamagnet Sr3Ru2O7 . Springer Theses. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14524-7_5

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