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License Distribution Protocols from Optical Media Fingerprints

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Towards Hardware-Intrinsic Security

Part of the book series: Information Security and Cryptography ((ISC))

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Abstract

According to the Business Software Alliance about 35% of the global software market, worth $141 Billion, is counterfeit. Most of the counterfeit software is distributed in the form of a compact disc (CD) or a digital video disc (DVD) which is easily copied and sold in street corners all around the world but mostly in developing countries. Given the severity of the problem at hand, a comprehensive solution taking into account the manufacturing process, economical implications, ease of enforcement, and the owner’s rights needs to be developed. While this is an enormous undertaking requiring new schemes at all levels of implementation, in this work, we focus only on a small part of the problem, i.e., secure fingerprinting techniques for optical media.

A preliminary version of this chapter appeared in [10]. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. CNS-0831416.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    \(N(\mu,\sigma)\) is a normal distribution with mean μ and standard deviation σ.

  2. 2.

    We have verified a similar behavior for burned CDs. Not surprisingly, data coming from burned CDs had a much larger variation and were easier to analyze.

  3. 3.

    Note that all logarithms in this chapter are with respect to base 2.

  4. 4.

    For details on universal hashing the reader is referred to [3].

  5. 5.

    The definition of min-entropy is \(H_{\infty}(A)=-\log(\max_a\mathrm{Pr}[A=a])\).

  6. 6.

    Typically we use the \(|\) operator to mean concatenation. This will be the only part of the chapter where it will have a different meaning.

  7. 7.

    Recall from the proof of Proposition 1 that \(R\geq A/nf+(1-\delta/f)\) for a security level of at least \(A=\ell+2\varepsilon-2\).

  8. 8.

    Here, \(P_{\textrm{fail}}=1-\left(\sum_{i=0}^{t=43}{{255 \choose i}P_{\textrm{e}}^i(1-P_{\textrm{e}})^{255-i}}\right)^7\).

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. CRIS Lab, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, 01609-2280, USA

    Ghaith Hammouri

  2. UNAM, Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey

    Aykutlu Dana

  3. Cryptography & Information Security, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, USA

    Berk Sunar

Authors
  1. Ghaith Hammouri
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  2. Aykutlu Dana
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  3. Berk Sunar
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Correspondence to Ghaith Hammouri .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Horst Görtz Institut für, Sicherheit in der, Universität Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, Bochum, 44780, Germany

    Ahmad-Reza Sadeghi

  2. Département d'informatique, Groupe de cryptographie, École normale supérieure, rue d'Ulm 45, Paris, 75230, France

    David Naccache

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Hammouri, G., Dana, A., Sunar, B. (2010). License Distribution Protocols from Optical Media Fingerprints. In: Sadeghi, AR., Naccache, D. (eds) Towards Hardware-Intrinsic Security. Information Security and Cryptography. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14452-3_9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14452-3_9

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  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-14451-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-14452-3

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