Abstract
Actuators usually transform low-powered manipulated variables (e.g. analog voltages 0––10V, applied DC currents 0––20mA or 4––20 mA, pneumatic pressures 0:2 – –1 bar, or hydraulic pressures 0 – –150 bar) into process input variables of a much higher power level. Frequently the process input variable is a flow of energy or matter, or a force or torque. The power needed for actuating is provided by an auxiliary energy supply, which feeds the power amplifier for the actuator. The auxiliary energy can be electrical, pneumatic or hydraulic. In many cases the actuators are composed of a signal transformer, an actuator drive, an actuator transformer (gear, spindle) and an actuating device or valve, compare Figure 4.1 and [4.7]. Actuators can operate in open loop or closed loop (e.g. position or flow-control). A survey of basic structures of actuators, different types, characteristics and mathematical models is given in [4.4].
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© 2011 Springer Berlin Heidelberg
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Isermann, R. (2011). Fault diagnosis of electrical actuators. In: Fault-Diagnosis Applications. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-12767-0_4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-12767-0_4
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