Abstract
We discuss the key issues in the deployment of sparse sensor networks. The network monitors several environment parameters and is deployed in a semi-arid region for the benefit of small and marginal farmers. We begin by discussing the problems of an existing unreliable 1 sq km sparse network deployed in a village. The proposed solutions are implemented in a new cluster. The new cluster is a reliable 5 sq km network. Our contributions are two fold. Firstly, we describe a novel methodology to deploy a sparse reliable data gathering sensor network and evaluate the “safe distance” or “reliable” distance between nodes using propagation models. Secondly, we address the problem of transporting data from rural aggregation servers to urban data centres. This paper tracks our steps in deploying a sensor network in a village in India, trying to provide better diagnosis for better crop management. Keywords - Rural, Agriculture, GPRS, Sparse.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Panchard, J., Rao, S., Prabhakar, T.V., Jamadagni, H.S., Hubaux, J.-P.: COMMON-Sense Net: Improved Water Management for Resource-Poor Farmers via Sensor Networks. In: International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development, 2006. ICTD 2006 (May 2006)
User Requirements for marginal framers, http://commonsense.epfl.ch/COMMONSense/requirements.htm
Prabhakar, T.V., Rao, N.V.C., Sujay, M.S., Panchard, J., Jamadagni, H.S., Pittet, A.: Sensor Network Deployment For Agronomical Data Gathering in Semi-Arid Regions. In: 2nd International Conference on Communication Systems Software and Middleware, 2007. COMSWARE 2007 (January 2007)
Shah, R.C., Roy, S., Jain, S., Brunette, W.: Data MULEs: modeling a three-tier architecture for sparse sensor networks. In: Proceedings of the First IEEE 2003 IEEE International Workshop on May 11 (2003)
Anastasi, G., Conti, M., Monaldi, E., Passarella, A.: An Adaptive Data-transfer Protocol for Sensor Networks with Data Mules. In: IEEE International Symposium on World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks, 2007. WoWMoM 2007, June 18-21 (2007)
Basagni, S., Carosi, A., Petrioli, C.: Controlled Vs. Uncontrolled Mobility in Wireless Sensor Networks: Some Performance Insights. In: IEEE 66th Vehicular Technology Conference, 2007. VTC 2007 Fall, September 30-October 3 (2007)
Pentland, A., Fletcher, R., Hasson, A.: DakNet: rethinking connectivity in developing nations. Computer 37(1) (January 2004)
Polastre, J., Hill, J., Culler, D.: Versatile Low Power Media Access for Wireless Sensor Networks. In: The Second ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems(SenSys) (2004)
Woo, A., Tong, T., Culler, D.: Taming the underlying challenges of multihop routing in sensor networks. In: Proceedings of the First ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems (November 2003)
Zhao, J., Govindan, R.: Understanding packet delivery performance in dense wireless sensor networks. In: Proceedings of the First ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems (November 2003)
Zhou, G., He, T., Krishnamurthy, S., Stankovic, J.A.: Impact of Radio Irregularity on Wireless Sensor Networks. In: The Second International conference on Mobile Systems, Applications and Services, MobiSys (2004)
Holland, M.M., Aures, R.G., Heinzelman, W.B.: Experimental Investigation of Radio Performance in Wireless Sensor Networks. In: The Second IEEE Workshop on Wireless Mesh Networks, WiMesh (2006)
Shockfish Corporation, http://www.tinynode.com/
Wireless Communications Principles And Practice, Theodore S Rappaport, 2nd edn
Burri, N., von Rickenbach, P., Wattenhofer, R.: Dozer: Ultra-Low Power Data Gathering in Sensor Networks. Information Processing in Sensor Networks(IPSN) (2007)
Aditya, J.P., Ferdowsi, M.: Comparison of Ni-MH and Li-Ion in Automotive Applications. IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference(VPPC), September 3-5 (2008)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2010 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Prabhakar, T.V., Jamadagni, H.S., Sahu, A., Prasad, R.V. (2010). Lessons from the Sparse Sensor Network Deployment in Rural India. In: Kant, K., Pemmaraju, S.V., Sivalingam, K.M., Wu, J. (eds) Distributed Computing and Networking. ICDCN 2010. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 5935. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-11322-2_14
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-11322-2_14
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-11321-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-11322-2
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)