Summary
“Jamology” is an interdisciplinary research of all sorts of jams, e.g. those of vehicles, pedestrians, ants, etc. Our model of pedestrians, called the floor field model, is based on this study, and it is a two-dimensional generalization of an ant trail model. It is a rule-based cellular automaton model, and efficient in computations since the long-range interaction between pedestrians is imitated by the memory of the floor of only neighboring cells. Recently several generalizations of this model are proposed to make the model more realistic. We use an extended model to study how to make crowd movement smooth. Not only computer simulations but also experiments are shown in this paper. Introduction of pedestrians’ anticipation into the model affects the crowd movement significantly, and leads the counterflow smooth. Moreover it is clearly shown experimentally that evacuation dynamics near a bottleneck becomes smooth if we put an obstacle at a suitable place.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
K. Nishinari, Y. Okada, A. Schadschneider, and D. Chowdhury. Intracellular transport of single-headed molecular motors KIF1A. Phys. Rev. Lett., 95:118101, 2005.
D. Helbing, S. Lämmer, U. Witt, and T. Brenner. Network-induced oscillatory behavior in material flow networks and irregular business cycles. Phys. Rev. E, 70(5):56118, 2004.
D. Chowdhury, L. Santen, and A. Schadschneider. Statistical physics of vehicular traffic and some related systems. Phys. Rep., 329:199, 2000.
D. Helbing. Traffic and related self-driven many-particle systems. Rev. Mod. Phys., 73:1067, 2001.
D. Chowdhury, K. Nishinari, and A. Schadschneider. Self-organized patterns and traffic flow in colonies of organisms: from bacteria and social insects to vertebrates. Phase Transit., 77(5):601–624, 2004.
D. Chowdhury, A. Schadschneider, and K. Nishinari. Physics of transport and traffic phenomena in biology: from molecular motors and cells to organisms. Phys. Life Rev., 2(4):318–352, 2005.
D. Chowdhury, V. Guttal, K. Nishinari, and A. Schadschneider. A cellular-automata model of flow in ant trails: non-monotonic variation of speed with density. J. Phys. A, Math. Gen., 35:L573–L577, 2002.
A. Kunwar, A. John, K. Nishinari, A. Schadschneider, and D. Chowdhury. Collective traffic-like movement of ants on a trail: Dynamical phases and phase transitions. J. Phys. Soc. Jpn., 73:2979–2985, 2004.
A. Tomoeda, K. Nishinari, D. Chowdhury, and A. Schadschneider. An information-based traffic control in a public conveyance system: Reduced clustering and enhanced efficiency. Physica A, 384:600–612, 2007.
D.E. Wolf, M. Schreckenberg, and A. Bachem (Eds.). Traffic and Granular Flow. World Scientific, Singapore, 1996.
M. Schreckenberg and S.D. Sharma (Eds.). Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics. Springer, Berlin, 2001.
D. Helbing, I. Farkas, and T. Vicsek. Simulating dynamical features of escape panic. Nature, 407:487–490, 2000.
S.P. Hoogendoorn and P.H.L. Bovy. Pedestrian route-choice and activity scheduling theory and models. Transp. Res. B, 38:169–190, 2004.
G. Antonini, M. Bierlaire, and M. Weber. Discrete choice models of pedestrian walking behavior. Transp. Res. B, 40:667–687, 2006.
C. Burstedde, K. Klauck, A. Schadschneider, and J. Zittartz. Simulation of pedestrian dynamics using a two-dimensional cellular automaton. Physica A, 295:507–525, 2001.
A. Kirchner and A. Schadschneider. Simulation of evacuation processes using a bionics-inspired cellular automaton model for pedestrian dynamics. Physica A, 312:260–276, 2002.
D. Yanagisawa and K. Nishinari. Mean-field theory for pedestrian outflow through an exit. Phys. Rev. E, 76:061117, 2007.
K. Nishinari, A. Kirchner, A. Namazi, and A. Schadschneider. Extended floor field CA model for evacuation dynamics. IEICE Trans. Inf. Syst., E87-D:726–732, 2004.
C.M. Henein and T. White. Macroscopic effects of microscopic forces between agents in crowd models. Physica A, 373:694–712, 2007.
A. Kirchner, K. Nishinari, and A. Schadschneider. Friction effects and clogging in a cellular automaton model for pedestrian dynamics. Phys. Rev. E, 67:056122, 2003.
Li Jian, Yang Lizhong, and Zhao Daoliang. Simulation of bi-direction pedestrian movement in corridor. Physica A, 354:619–628, 2005.
D. Yanagisawa, A. Tomoeda, and K. Nishinari. Conflicts at an exit in pedestrian dynamics. In Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics 2008. Springer, Berlin, 2010.
J. Biarez and M. Gourves (Eds.). Powders and Grains: Proceedings of the International Conference on Micromechanics of Granular. Balkema, Rotterdam, 1990.
D. Helbing, A. Johansson, J. Mathiesen, M.H. Jensen, and A. Hansen. Analytical approach to continuous and intermittent bottleneck flows. Phys. Rev. Lett., 97:168001, 2006.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2010 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Nishinari, K., Suma, Y., Yanagisawa, D., Tomoeda, A., Kimura, A., Nishi, R. (2010). Toward Smooth Movement of Crowds. In: Klingsch, W., Rogsch, C., Schadschneider, A., Schreckenberg, M. (eds) Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics 2008. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-04504-2_26
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-04504-2_26
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-04503-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-04504-2
eBook Packages: Mathematics and StatisticsMathematics and Statistics (R0)