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Unconventional GTP-Binding Proteins in Plants

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Integrated G Proteins Signaling in Plants

Part of the book series: Signaling and Communication in Plants ((SIGCOMM))

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Abstract

G proteins, including monomeric G proteins and heterotrimeric G proteins composed of Gα, Gβ, and Gγ subunits, are molecular switches in cellular signaling. In addition to these classic G proteins, plants have several types of unconventional G proteins, such as extra-large G proteins (XLGs), developmentally regulated G proteins (DRGs), and GPCR-type G proteins (GTGs). XLGs are nuclear-localized proteins with Gα-like C-termini and large, unique, N-terminal extensions. XLGs are involved in regulation of primary root growth, root waving and skewing, and plant responses to sugars, osmotic stress, pathogens, and hormones. DRGs have all the conserved GTPase domain motifs found in conventional G proteins but do not have any other sequence similarities with conventional G proteins. The functions of DRGs in plants remain unknown. GTGs have nine predicted transmembrane domains and exhibit GTP-binding and GTPase activities, as well as ABA-binding. As one class of ABA receptors, GTGs mediate most classic ABA responses. These unconventional G proteins diversify signaling pathways mediated by G proteins in plants.

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Acknowledgments

We gratefully acknowledge comments on this chapter from Dr. Sona Pandey. Research on G proteins in the authors’ laboratories was supported by NSF grant MCB-0209694 and USDA grant 2006-35100-17254 to S.M.A.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA

    Lei Ding

  2. Department of Biology, 208 Mueller Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA

    Timothy E. Gookin & Sarah M. Assmann

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  1. Lei Ding
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  2. Timothy E. Gookin
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  3. Sarah M. Assmann
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Correspondence to Lei Ding or Sarah M. Assmann .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. Plant Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel

    Shaul Yalovsky

  2. Inst. Zelluläre und Molekulare, Universität Bonn, Kirschallee 1, Bonn, 53115, Germany

    František Baluška

  3. Dept. Biology & Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Coker Hall 317, Chapel Hill, 27599, U.S.A.

    Alan Jones

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Ding, L., Gookin, T.E., Assmann, S.M. (2010). Unconventional GTP-Binding Proteins in Plants. In: Yalovsky, S., Baluška, F., Jones, A. (eds) Integrated G Proteins Signaling in Plants. Signaling and Communication in Plants. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03524-1_14

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