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Implications of Nef: Host Cell Interactions in Viral Persistence and Progression to AIDS

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HIV Interactions with Host Cell Proteins

Part of the book series: Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology ((CT MICROBIOLOGY,volume 339))

Abstract

The HIV and SIV Nef accessory proteins are potent enhancers of viral persistence and accelerate progression to AIDS in HIV-1-infected patients and non-human primate models. Although relatively small (27–35 kD), Nef can interact with a multitude of cellular factors and induce complex changes in trafficking, signal transduction, and gene expression that together converge to promote viral replication and immune evasion. In particular, Nef recruits several immunologically relevant cellular receptors to the endocytic machinery to reduce the recognition and elimination of virally infected cells by the host immune system, while simultaneously interacting with various kinases to promote T cell activation and viral replication. This review provides an overview on selected Nef interactions with host cell proteins, and discusses their possible relevance for viral spread and pathogenicity.

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Acknowledgments

We thank all current and former members of the Kirchhoff laboratory and our many excellent collaborators, especially Beatrice Hahn, Leonid Margolis, Jean-Chartes Grivel, David Evans, Guido Silvestri, Jacek Skowronski and Christiane Stahl-Hennig, for support, helpful discussion and sharing reagents and knowledge. We apologize to those colleagues whose studies on Nef function could not be mentioned due to space limitations.

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  1. Institute of Virology, Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany

    Nathalie J. Arhel & Frank Kirchhoff

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  1. Nathalie J. Arhel
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  2. Frank Kirchhoff
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Correspondence to Frank Kirchhoff .

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  1. School of Medicine, Dept. Pediatrics, Emory University, Uppergate Drive NE., 2015, Atlanta, 30322, Georgia, USA

    Paul Spearman

  2. HIV Drug Resistance Program, National Cancer Institute-Frederick, Frederick, Maryland, USA

    Eric O. Freed

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Arhel, N.J., Kirchhoff, F. (2009). Implications of Nef: Host Cell Interactions in Viral Persistence and Progression to AIDS. In: Spearman, P., Freed, E. (eds) HIV Interactions with Host Cell Proteins. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, vol 339. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02175-6_8

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