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Analyses of Ecophysiological Traits of Tropical Rain Forest Seedlings under Arbuscular Mycorrhization: Implications in Ecological Restoration

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Symbiotic Fungi

Part of the book series: Soil Biology ((SOILBIOL,volume 18))

Abstract

The tropical rain forest is losing forest coverage at a rate of 2% annually, which has contributed to an increase in carbon emissions and has reduced carbon sequestering. The causes of deforestation are primarily anthropogenic, including forest exploitation, clearing for crop and livestock use, and the development of urban infrastructure, among others. The direct result of the deforestation process is fragmentation, which can increase population mortalities and reduce reproduction rates. These changes also produce alterations in soil microbiota, of which two of the most important components are the mycorrhiza-forming fungi and nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Facing rapid rain forest deterioration, restoration ecology practices are extremely necessary, as they allow ecosystem recuperation. One of the principal objectives of restoration programs should be the facilitation of system function reestablishment, maintaining long-term stability.

In the last decade, the use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) as an additional tool in restoration has been proved to be effective. Maintaining or reestablishing a native community of these fungi can contribute to the recuperation of some soil properties. The objective of this work is to provide a general protocol for rainforest restoration, using AMF, based on life history traits of plant species.

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Acknowledgements

This study includes results financed by DGAPA Project IN205599 and SEMARNAT-CONACYT 2002-c01-668. We thank Oswaldo Núñez, Diego Olivera, Alejandro Astudillo and Gabriela Santibáñez for their support in greenhouse and field experiments. We especially thank Audra Patterson for her valuable comments.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, México, México, D.F

    Javier Álvarez-Sánchez, Irene Sánchez-Gallen & Patricia Guadarrama

Authors
  1. Javier Álvarez-Sánchez
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  2. Irene Sánchez-Gallen
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  3. Patricia Guadarrama
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Correspondence to Javier Álvarez-Sánchez .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Amity Institute of Microbial Sciences, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, 201303, India

    Ajit Varma  & Amit C. Kharkwal  & 

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Álvarez-Sánchez, J., Sánchez-Gallen, I., Guadarrama, P. (2009). Analyses of Ecophysiological Traits of Tropical Rain Forest Seedlings under Arbuscular Mycorrhization: Implications in Ecological Restoration. In: Varma, A., Kharkwal, A.C. (eds) Symbiotic Fungi. Soil Biology, vol 18. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-95894-9_18

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