Abstract
In certain applications, the process can only be identified in closed loop. For example, in biological and economical systems, the controller is an integrated and by no means detachable part of the system. For technical systems, e.g. in the area of adaptive control systems, the process model must also be updated while the system is under closed-loop control. Furthermore, integral acting processes can typically only be operated reliably in closed-loop control to account for the influence of disturbances acting on the system, thereby avoiding a drift of the system. Also, for many safety critical systems it may be too dangerous to disconnect the controller. In production systems on the other hand, it may not be possible to maintain the necessary quality of the product without closed-loop control.
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Isermann, R., Münchhof, M. (2011). Parameter Estimation in Closed-Loop. In: Identification of Dynamic Systems. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-78879-9_13
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-78879-9_13
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