Comparative Analysis of Brazilian Residual Biomass for Pellet Production

Abstract

Brazil is an important producer and the largest exporter of sugar, ethanol, coffee, orange juice, and tobacco. The country's availability of land, water and labour has allowed for increased production and exports. Continuing the trade expansion and diversification of markets and products remain at the core of Brazil’s agricultural growth strategy (Valdez et al. 2006). The increase in crops generates a biomass residue surplus. It is known that approximately 30% of the sugar cane production is bagasse (Rosillo-Calle et al. 2007) and 22% of rice is constituted of husks (Eriksson and Prior 1990). This residual biomass can be transformed into a valuable fuel, becoming an important local energy source. There are several conversion technologies for biomass, based on the type, available residues and the market demand. Pressing of residues increases storage and transport efficiency. Pellets, briquettes, or any other pressed form can be used as a fuel. Recent research shows different combustion technologies for biomass: gasification, pyrolysis and combined heat and power (Rosillo-Calle et al. 2007).