Abstract
In this paper we propose a novel boosting based classification algorithm, SODA-Boosting (where SODA stands for Second Order Discriminant Analysis). Unlike the conventional AdaBoost based algorithms widely applied in computer vision, SODA-Boosting does not involve time consuming procedures to search a huge feature pool in every iteration during the training stage. Instead, in each iteration SODA-Boosting efficiently computes discriminative weak classifiers in closed-form, based on reasonable hypotheses on the distribution of the weighted training samples. As an application, SODA-Boosting is employed for image based gender recognition. Experimental results on publicly available FERET database are reported. The proposed algorithm achieved accuracy comparable to state-of-the-art approaches, and demonstrated superior performance to relevant boosting based algorithms.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Golomb, B.A., Lawrence, D.T., Sejnowski, T.J.: Sexnet: A neural network identifies sex from human faces. In: NIPS-3: Proceedings of the 1990 conference on Advances in neural information processing systems 3, pp. 572–577. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA (1990)
Cottrell, G.W., Metcalfe, J.: Empath: face, emotion, and gender recognition using holons. In: NIPS-3: Proceedings of the 1990 conference on Advances in neural information processing systems 3, pp. 564–571. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA (1990)
Tamura, S., Kawai, H., Mitsumoto, H.: Male/female identification from 86 very low resolution face images by neural network. Pattern Recognition 29(2), 331–335 (1996)
Gutta, S., Huang, J.R.J., Phillips, P.J., Wechsler, H.: Mixture of experts for classification of gender, ethnic origin, and pose of human faces. IEEE Trans. Neural Networks 11, 948–960 (2000)
Moghaddam, B., Yang, M.: Learning gender with support faces. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 24(5), 707–711 (2002)
Graf, A.B.A., Wichmann, F.A.: Gender classification of human faces. In: Bülthoff, H.H., Lee, S.-W., Poggio, T.A., Wallraven, C. (eds.) BMCV 2002. LNCS, vol. 2525, pp. 491–500. Springer, Heidelberg (2002)
Shakhnarovich, G., Viola, P.A., Moghaddam, B.: A unified learning framework for real time face detection and classification. In: FGR 2002. Proceedings of the Fifth IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition, p. 16. IEEE Computer Society, Washington, DC, USA (2002)
Wu, B., Ai, H., Huang, C.: Lut-based adaboost for gender classification. In: Kittler, J., Nixon, M.S. (eds.) AVBPA 2003. LNCS, vol. 2688, pp. 104–110. Springer, Heidelberg (2003)
Baluja, S., Rowley, H.: Boosting sex identification performance. In: AAAI-IAAI 2005 (2005)
Schapire, R.E., Freund, Y., Bartlett, P., Lee, W.S.: Boosting the margin: a new explanation for the effectiveness of voting methods. In: Proc. 14th International Conference on Machine Learning, pp. 322–330. Morgan Kaufmann, San Francisco (1997)
Tu, J., Zhang, Z., Zeng, Z., Huang, T.: Face localization via hierarchical condensation with fisher boosting feature selection. In: CVPR 2004. IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, vol. 02, pp. 719–724 (2004)
Xu, X., Huang, T.S.: Face recognition with MRC-Boosting. In: ICCV 2005. 10th IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision, vol. 2, pp. 1770–1777 (2005)
Phillips, P.J., Moon, H., Rizvi, S.A., Rauss, P.J.: The feret evaluation methodology for face-recognition algorithms. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 22(10), 1090–1104 (2000)
Viola, P., Jones, M.J.: Robust real-time object detection. In: IEEE Workshop on Statistical and Theories of Computer Vision, IEEE Computer Society Press, Los Alamitos (2001)
Duda, R.O., Hart, P.E., Stork, D.G.: Pattern Classification, 2nd edn. Wiley-Interscience, Chichester (2000)
Elad, M., Hel-Or, Y., Keshet, R.: Pattern detection using a maximal rejection classifier. Pattern Recognition Letters 23(12), 1459–1471 (2002)
Liu, C., Shum, H.Y.: Kullback-leibler boosting. In: CVPR 2003. IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, vol. 01, p. 587. IEEE Computer Society Press, Los Alamitos (2003)
Joachims, T.: Making large-Scale SVM Learning Practical. In: Advances in Kernel Methods - Support Vector Learning, MIT Press, Cambridge (1999)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2007 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Xu, X., Huang, T.S. (2007). SODA-Boosting and Its Application to Gender Recognition. In: Zhou, S.K., Zhao, W., Tang, X., Gong, S. (eds) Analysis and Modeling of Faces and Gestures. AMFG 2007. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 4778. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-75690-3_15
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-75690-3_15
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-75689-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-75690-3
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)