Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Ultrafast Primary Reactions in the Photosystems of Oxygen-Evolving Organisms

  • Chapter
Ultrashort Laser Pulses in Biology and Medicine

Part of the book series: Biological and Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering ((BIOMEDICAL))

In oxygen-evolving photosynthetic organisms (plants, green algae, cyanobacteria), the primary steps of photosynthesis occur in two membrane-bound protein supercomplexes, Photosystem I (PS I) and Photosystem II (PS II), located in the thylakoid membrane (c.f. Fig. 7.1) along with two other important protein complexes, the cytochrome b6/f complex and the ATP-synthase [1]. Each of the photosystems consists of a reaction center (RC) where the photoinduced early electron transfer processes occur, of a so-called core antenna consisting of chlorophyll (Chl) protein complexes responsible for light absorption and ultrafast energy transfer to the RC pigments, and additional peripheral antenna complexes of various kinds that increase the absorption cross-section. The peripheral complexes are Chl a/b–protein complexes in higher plants and green algae (LHC I or LHC II for PS I or PS II, respectively) and so-called phycobilisomes in cyanobacteria and red algae [2–4]. The structures and light-harvesting functions of these antenna systems have been extensively reviewed [2, 5–9]. Recently, X-ray structures of both PS I and PS II antenna/RC complexes have been determined, some to atomic resolution. Although many details of the pigment content and organization of the RCs and antenna systems of PS I and PS II have been known before, the high resolution structures of the integral complexes allow us for the first time to try to understand structure/function relationships in detail. This article covers our present understanding of the ultrafast energy transfer and early electron transfer processes occurring in the photosystems of oxygen-evolving organisms. The main emphasis will be on the electron transfer processes. However, in both photosystems the kinetics of the energy transfer processes in the core antennae is intimately interwoven with the kinetics of the electron transfer steps. Since both types of processes occur on a similar time scale, their kinetics cannot be considered separately in any experiment and consequently they have to be discussed together.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. I. Grotjohann, C. Jolley, P. Fromme, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 6, 4743 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  2. A.R. Holzwarth, Physiol. Plant. 83, 518 (1991)

    Google Scholar 

  3. A.R. Holzwarth, Q. Rev. Biophys. 22, 239 (1989)

    Google Scholar 

  4. W. Wehrmeyer, in Cell Walls and Surfaces, Reproduction, Photosynthesis. Experimental Phycology, vol. 1, ed. by W. Wiessner, D.G. Robinson, R.C. Starr (Springer, Berlin, 1990), pp. 158–172

    Google Scholar 

  5. A.R. Holzwarth, in Molecular to Global Photosynthesis, ed. by M.D. Archer, J. Barber (Imperial College Press, London, 2004), pp. 43–115

    Google Scholar 

  6. R. van Grondelle, B. Gobets, in Chlorophyll a Fluorescence: A Signature of Photosynthesis, ed. by G.C. Papageorgiou, Govindjee (Springer, Dordrecht, 2004), pp. 107–132

    Google Scholar 

  7. B. Gobets, R. van Grondelle, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1507, 80 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  8. H. van Amerongen, L. Valkunas, R. van Grondelle, Photosynthetic Excitons (World Scientific, Singapore, 2000)

    Google Scholar 

  9. A.N. Melkozernov, Photosynth. Res. 70, 129 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  10. P. Jordan, P. Fromme, H.T. Witt, O. Klukas, W. Saenger, N. Krauβ, Nature 411, 909 (2001)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  11. R.J. Cogdell, N.W. Isaacs, A.A. Freer, T.D. Howard, A.T. Gardiner, S.M. Prince, M.Z. Papiz, FEBS Lett. 555, 35 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  12. X. Hu, A. Damjanovic, T. Ritz, K. Schulten, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95, 5935 (1998)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  13. A.R. Holzwarth, M.G. Müller, J. Niklas, W. Lubitz, Biophys. J. 90, 552 (2006)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  14. H. Michel, J. Deisenhofer, Biochemistry 27, 1 (1988)

    Google Scholar 

  15. A. Ben-Shem, F. Frolow, N. Nelson, Nature 426, 630 (2003)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  16. R. Croce, T. Morosinotto, S. Castelletti, J. Breton, R. Bassi, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1556, 29 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  17. R. Bassi, D. Sandona, R. Croce, Physiol. Plant. 100, 769 (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  18. J. Biesiadka, B. Loll, J. Kern, K.-D. Irrgang, A. Zouni, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 6, 4733 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  19. A. Zouni, H.T. Witt, J. Kern, P. Fromme, N. Krauβ, W. Saenger, P. Orth, Nature 409, 739 (2001)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  20. N. Kamiya, J.-R. Shen, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 100, 98 (2003)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  21. J. Barber, K. Ferreira, K. Maghlaoui, S. Iwata, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 6, 4737 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  22. K.N. Ferreira, T.M. Iverson, K. Maghlaoui, J. Barber, S. Iwata, Science 303, 1831 (2004)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  23. G. Renger, A.R. Holzwarth, in Photosystem II: The Water/Plastoquinone Oxido-Reductase in Photosynthesis, ed. by T. Wydrzynski, K. Satoh (Springer, Dordrecht, 2005), pp. 139–175

    Google Scholar 

  24. R.V. Danielius, K. Satoh, P.J.M. van Kan, J.J. Plijter, A.M. Nuijs, H.J. van Gorkom, FEBS Lett. 213, 241 (1987)

    Google Scholar 

  25. K. Satoh, O. Nanba, Prog. Photosynth. Res. II, 69 (1987)

    Google Scholar 

  26. J.R. Durrant, D.R. Klug, S.L. Kwa, R. van Grondelle, G. Porter, J.P. Dekker, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92, 4798 (1995)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  27. J. Deisenhofer, O. Epp, K. Miki, R. Huber, H. Michel, Nature 318, 618 (1985)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  28. S.A.P. Merry, S. Kumazaki, Y. Tachibana, D.M. Joseph, G. Porter, K. Yoshihara, J. Barber, J.R. Durrant, D.R. Klug, J. Phys. Chem. 100, 10469 (1996)

    Google Scholar 

  29. J.A. Leegwater, J.R. Durrant, D.R. Klug, J. Phys. Chem. B 101, 7205 (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  30. V.I. Prokhorenko, A.R. Holzwarth, J. Phys. Chem. B 104, 11563 (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  31. L.M.C. Barter, J.R. Durrant, D.R. Klug, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 100, 946 (2003)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  32. L.M.C. Barter, M. Bianchietti, C. Jeans, M.J. Schilstra, B. Hankamer, B.A. Diner, J. Barber, J.R. Durrant, D.R. Klug, Biochemistry 40, 4026 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  33. G. Raszewski, W. Saenger, T. Renger, Biophys. J. 88, 986 (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  34. V.I. Novoderezhkin, E.G. Andrizhiyevskaya, J.P. Dekker, R. van Grondelle, Biophys. J. 89, 1464 (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  35. Z. Liu, H. Yan, K. Wang, T. Kuang, J. Zhang, L. Gui, X. An, W. Chang, Nature 428, 287 (2004)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  36. A.R. Holzwarth, G.H. Schatz, H. Brock, E. Bittersmann, Biophys. J. 64, 1813 (1993)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  37. S. Savikhin, W. Xu, V. Soukoulis, P.R. Chitnis, W.S. Struve, Biophys. J. 76, 3278 (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  38. K. Gibasiewicz, V.M. Ramesh, A.N. Melkozernov, S. Lin, N.W. Woodbury, R.E. Blankenship, A.N. Webber, J. Phys. Chem. B 105, 11498 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  39. A.N. Melkozernov, S. Lin, R.E. Blankenship, Biochemistry 39, 1489 (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  40. M.G. Müller, J. Niklas, W. Lubitz, A.R. Holzwarth, Biophys. J. 85, 3899 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  41. M. Du, X.L. Xie, Y.W. Jia, L. Mets, G.R. Fleming, Chem. Phys. Lett. 201, 535 (1993)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  42. J.T.M. Kennis, B. Gobets, I.H.M. van Stokkum, J.P. Dekker, R. van Grondelle, G.R. Fleming, J. Phys. Chem. B 105, 4485 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  43. N.V. Karapetyan, D. Dorra, G. Schweitzer, I.N. Bezsmertnaya, A.R. Holzwarth, Biochemistry 36, 13830 (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  44. A.N. Melkozernov, V.H.R. Schmid, S. Lin, H. Paulsen, R.E. Blankenship, J. Phys. Chem. B 106, 4313 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  45. A.N. Melkozernov, S. Lin, V.H.R. Schmid, H. Paulsen, G.W. Schmidt, R.E. Blankenship, FEBS Lett. 471, 89 (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  46. A.N. Melkozernov, V.H.R. Schmid, G.W. Schmidt, R.E. Blankenship, J. Phys. Chem. B 102, 8183 (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  47. B. Gobets, J.P. Dekker, R. van Grondelle, in Photosynthesis: Mechanisms and Effects, ed. by G. Garab (Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 1998), pp. 503–508

    Google Scholar 

  48. J.P. Dekker, R. van Grondelle, Photosynth. Res. 63, 195 (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  49. S. Vassiliev, C.-I. Lee, G.W. Brudvig, D. Bruce, Biochemistry 41, 12236 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  50. S. Vasil’ev, P. Orth, A. Zouni, T.G. Owens, D. Bruce, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98, 8602 (2001)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  51. B. Gobets, I.H.M. van Stokkum, F. van Mourik, J.P. Dekker, R. van Grondelle, Biophys. J. 85, 3883 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  52. M. Yang, A. Damjanovic, H.M. Vaswani, G.R. Fleming, Biophys. J. 85, 140 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  53. M. Byrdin, P. Jordan, N. Krauss, P. Fromme, D. Stehlik, E. Schlodder, Biophys. J. 83, 433 (2002)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  54. A.R. Holzwarth, M.G. Müller, J. Niklas, W. Lubitz, J. Phys. Chem. B 109, 5903 (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  55. V.V. Shubin, V.L. Tsuprun, I.N. Bezsmertnaya, N.V. Karapetyan, FEBS Lett. 334, 79 (1993)

    Google Scholar 

  56. N.V. Karapetyan, V.V. Shubin, S.S. Vasiliev, I.N. Bezsmertnaya, V.B. Tusov, V.Z. Pashchenko, in Research in Photosynthesis, ed. by N. Murata (Kluwer, Dordrecht, 1992), pp. 549–552

    Google Scholar 

  57. V.V. Shubin, S.D.S. Murthy, N.V. Karapetyan, P. Mohanty, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1060, 28 (1991)

    Google Scholar 

  58. J.A. Ihalainen, B. Gobets, K. Sznee, M. Brazzoli, R. Croce, R. Bassi, R. van Grondelle, J.E.I. Korppi-Tommola, J.P. Dekker, Biochemistry 39, 8625 (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  59. E. Engelmann, T. Tagliabue, N.V. Karapetyan, F.M. Garlaschi, G. Zucchelli, R.C. Jennings, FEBS Lett. 499, 112 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  60. R.N. Frese, M.A. Palacios, A. Azzizi, I.H.M. van Stokkum, J. Kruip, M. Rögner, N.V. Karapetyan, E. Schlodder, R. van Grondelle, J.P. Dekker, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1554, 180 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  61. N.V. Karapetyan, A.R. Holzwarth, M. Rögner, FEBS Lett. 460, 395 (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  62. N.V. Karapetyan, E. Schlodder, R. van Grondelle, J.P. Dekker, in Photosystem I: The Light-Driven, Plastocyanin/Ferredoxin/Oxydoreductase, ed. by J.H. Golbeck (Blackwell Publishers, Oxford, 2005)

    Google Scholar 

  63. T.S. Balaban, FEBS Lett. 545, 97 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  64. T.S. Balaban, P. Fromme, A.R. Holzwarth, N. Krauβ, V.I. Prokhorenko, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1556, 197 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  65. S. Turconi, J. Kruip, G. Schweitzer, M. Rögner, A.R. Holzwarth, Photosynth. Res. 49, 263 (1996)

    Google Scholar 

  66. S. Turconi, G. Schweitzer, A.R. Holzwarth, Photochem. Photobiol. 57, 113 (1993)

    Google Scholar 

  67. B. Gobets, I.H.M. van Stokkum, M. Rögner, J. Kruip, E. Schlodder, N.V. Karapetyan, J.P. Dekker, R. van Grondelle, Biophys. J. 81, 407 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  68. A.R. Holzwarth, W. Haehnel, R. Ratajczak, E. Bittersmann, G.H. Schatz, in Current Research in Photosynthesis. II, ed. by M. Baltscheffsky (Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 1990), pp. 611–614

    Google Scholar 

  69. A.R. Holzwarth, in Current Research in Photosynthesis. II, ed. by M. Baltscheffsky (Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 1990), pp. 223–230

    Google Scholar 

  70. R. Croce, D. Dorra, A.R. Holzwarth, R.C. Jennings, Biochemistry 39, 6341 (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  71. J.A. Ihalainen, P.E. Jensen, A. Haldrup, I.H.M. van Stokkum, R. van Grondelle, H.V. Scheller, J.P. Dekker, Biophys. J. 83, 2190 (2002)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  72. J.A. Ihalainen, I.H.M. van Stokkum, K. Gibasiewicz, M. Germano, R. van Grondelle, J.P. Dekker, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1706, 267 (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  73. D. Dorra, P. Fromme, N.V. Karapetyan, A.R. Holzwarth, in Photosynthesis: Mechanism and Effects, ed. by G. Garab (Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 1998), pp. 587–590

    Google Scholar 

  74. A.R. Holzwarth, D. Dorra, M.G. Müller, N.V. Karapetyan, in Photosynthesis: Mechanism and Effects, ed. G. Garab (Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 1998), pp. 497–502

    Google Scholar 

  75. R.C. Jennings, R. Croce, D. Dorra, F.M. Garlaschi, A.R. Holzwarth, A. Rivadossi, G. Zucchelli, in Photosynthesis: Mechanism and Effects/XI. International Congress on Photosynthesis, Budapest 1998, ed. by G. Garab (Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 1998), pp. 271–276

    Google Scholar 

  76. L.-O. Palsson, C. Flemming, B. Gobets, R. van Grondelle, J.P. Dekker, E. Schlodder, Biophys. J. 74, 2611 (1998)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  77. M. Byrdin, I. Rimke, E. Schlodder, D. Stehlik, T.A. Roelofs, Biophys. J. 79, 992 (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  78. R.C. Jennings, G. Zucchelli, R. Croce, F.M. Garlaschi, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1557, 91 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  79. A. Damjanovic, H. Vaswani, P. Fromme, G.R. Fleming, J. Phys. Chem. B 106, 10251 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  80. B. Brüggemann, K. Sznee, V. Novoderezhkin, R. van Grondelle, V. May, J. Phys. Chem. B 108, 13536 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  81. S. Vasil’ev, D. Bruce, Biochemistry 39, 14211 (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  82. E.G. Andrizhiyevskaya, D. Frolov, R. van Grondelle, J.P. Dekker, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 6, 4810 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  83. A.R. Holzwarth, M.G. Müller, M. Reus, M. Nowaczyk, J. Sander, M. Rögner, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 103, 6895 (2006)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  84. Y. Miloslavina, M. Szczepaniak, M.G. Müller, J. Sander, M. Nowaczyk, M. Rögner, A.R. Holzwarth, Biochemistry 45, 2436 (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  85. S. Savikhin, W. Xu, P. Martinsson, P.R. Chitnis, W.S. Struve, Biochemistry 40, 9282 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  86. S. Savikhin, W. Xu, P.R. Chitnis, W.S. Struve, Biophys. J. 79, 1573 (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  87. S. Savikhin, W. Xu, V. Soukoulis, P.R. Chitnis, W.S. Struve, Biophys. J. 76, 3278 (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  88. G. Hastings, L.J. Reed, S. Lin, R.E. Blankenship, Biophys. J. 69, 2044 (1995)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  89. G. Hastings, S. Hoshina, A.N. Webber, R.E. Blankenship, Biochemistry 34, 15512 (1995)

    Google Scholar 

  90. G. Hastings, F.A.M. Kleinherenbrink, S. Lin, T.J. McHugh, R.E. Blankenship, Biochemistry 33, 3193 (1994)

    Google Scholar 

  91. G. Hastings, F.A.M. Kleinherenbrink, S. Lin, R.E. Blankenship, Biochemistry 33, 3185 (1994)

    Google Scholar 

  92. E. Schlodder, M. Cetin, M. Byrdin, I.V. Terekhova, N.V. Karapetyan, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1706, 53 (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  93. C.C. Moser, J.M. Keske, K. Warncke, R.S. Farid, P.L. Dutton, Nature 355, 796 (1992)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  94. K. Gibasiewicz, V.M. Ramesh, S. Lin, K. Redding, N.W. Woodbury, A.N. Webber, Biophys. J. 85, 2547 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  95. A.N. Melkozernov, S. Lin, R.E. Blankenship, J. Phys. Chem. B 104, 1651 (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  96. K. Brettel, W. Leibl, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1507, 100 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  97. G.H. Schatz, H. Brock, A.R. Holzwarth, Biophys. J. 54, 397 (1988)

    Google Scholar 

  98. G.H. Schatz, H. Brock, A.R. Holzwarth, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84, 8414 (1987)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  99. R.O. Cohen, G.Z. Shen, J.H. Golbeck, W. Xu, P.R. Chitnis, A.I. Valieva, A.J. van der Est, Y. Pushkar, D. Stehlik, Biochemistry 43, 4741 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  100. W.V. Fairclough, A. Forsyth, M.C.W. Evans, S.E.J. Rigby, S. Purton, P. Heathcote, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1606, 43 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  101. I.P. Muhiuddin, P. Heathcote, S. Carter, S. Purton, S.E.J. Rigby, M.C.W. Evans, FEBS Lett. 503, 56 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  102. S. Santabarbara, I. Kuprov, W.V. Fairclough, S. Purton, P.J. Hore, P. Heathcote, M.C.W. Evans, Biochemistry 44, 2119 (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  103. M. Guergova-Kuras, B. Boudreaux, A. Joliot, P. Joliot, K. Redding, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98, 4437 (2001)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  104. N. Dashdorj, X. Wu, R.O. Cohen, J.H. Golbeck, S. Savikhin, Biophys. J. 88, 1238 (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  105. E. Katilius, Z. Katiliene, S. Lin, A.K.W. Taguchi, N.W. Woodbury, J. Phys. Chem. B 106, 12344 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  106. E. Katilius, T. Turanchik, S. Lin, A.K.W. Taguchi, N.W. Woodbury, J. Phys. Chem. B 103, 7386 (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  107. J. Barber, Q. Rev. Biophys. 36, 71 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  108. B.A. Diner, F. Rappaport, Annu. Rev. Plant Biol. 53, 551 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  109. K. Riley, R. Jankowiak, M. Rätsep, G.J. Small, V. Zazubovich, J. Phys. Chem. B 108, 10346 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  110. S. Spörlein, W. Zinth, M. Meyer, H. Scheer, J. Wachtveitl, Chem. Phys. Lett. 322, 454 (2000)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  111. W. Zinth, P. Huppmann, T. Arlt, J. Wachtveitl, Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A 356, 465 (1998)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  112. J. Wachtveitl, T. Arlt, H. Huber, H. Penzkofer, W. Zinth, in Springer Series in Chemical Physics Vol. 62 Ultrafast Phenomena X, ed. by P.F. Barbara, J.G. Fujimoto, W.H. Knox, W. Zinth, (Springer, Berlin, 1996), pp. 328–329

    Google Scholar 

  113. M.E. van Brederode, R. van Grondelle, FEBS Lett. 455, 1 (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  114. M.E. van Brederode, M.R. Jones, F. van Mourik, I.H.M. van Stokkum, R. van Grondelle, Biochemistry 36, 6855 (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  115. D.H. Stewart, P.J. Nixon, B.A. Diner, G.W. Brudvig, Biochemistry 39, 14583 (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  116. S.P. Arsköld, B.J. Prince, E. Krausz, P.J. Smith, R.J. Pace, R. Picorel, M. Seibert, J. Luminesc. 108, 97 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  117. S.P. Arsköld, V.M. Masters, B.J. Prince, P.J. Smith, R.J. Pace, E. Krausz, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 125, 13063 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  118. A.M. Nuijs, H.J. van Gorkom, J.J. Plijter, L.N.M. Duysens, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 848, 167 (1986)

    Google Scholar 

  119. J.R. Durrant, G. Hastings, Q. Hong, J. Barber, G. Porter, D.R. Klug, Chem. Phys. Lett. 188, 54 (1992)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  120. G. Hastings, J.R. Durrant, J. Barber, G. Porter, D.R. Klug, Biochemistry 31, 7638 (1992)

    Google Scholar 

  121. G. Gatzen, M.G. Müller, K. Griebenow, A.R. Holzwarth, J. Phys. Chem. 100, 7269 (1996)

    Google Scholar 

  122. T.A. Roelofs, S.L.S. Kwa, R. van Grondelle, J.P. Dekker, A.R. Holzwarth, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1143, 147 (1993)

    Google Scholar 

  123. T.A. Roelofs, M. Gilbert, V.A. Shuvalov, A.R. Holzwarth, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1060, 237 (1991)

    Google Scholar 

  124. M.G. Müller, M. Hucke, M. Reus, A.R. Holzwarth, J. Phys. Chem. 100, 9527 (1996)

    Google Scholar 

  125. M.G. Müller, M. Hucke, M. Reus, A.R. Holzwarth, J. Phys. Chem. 100, 9537 (1996)

    Google Scholar 

  126. A.R. Holzwarth, M. Hucke, G. Gatzen, L. Konermann, M.G. Müller, in Biol. Chem. Hoppe-Seyler (de Gruyter, Berlin, 1994), p. S9

    Google Scholar 

  127. S.R. Greenfield, M. Seibert, Govindjee, M.R. Wasielewski, Chem. Phys. 210, 279 (1996)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  128. S.R. Greenfield, M.R. Wasielewski, Photosynth. Res. 48, 83 (1996)

    Google Scholar 

  129. M.R. Wasielewski, D.G. Johnson, M. Seibert, Govindjee, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86, 524 (1989)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  130. S.R. Greenfield, M. Seibert, Govindjee, M.R. Wasielewski, J. Phys. Chem. B 101, 2251 (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  131. F. van Mourik, M.-L. Groot, R. van Grondelle, J.P. Dekker, I.H.M. van Stokkum, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 6, 4820 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  132. M.-L. Groot, F. van Mourik, C. Eijckelhoff, I.H.M. van Stokkum, J.P. Dekker, R. van Grondelle, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94, 4389 (1997)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  133. A.R. Holzwarth, in Biophysical Techniques in Photosynthesis. Advances in Photosynthesis Research, ed. by J. Amesz, A.J. Hoff (Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 1996), pp. 75–92

    Google Scholar 

  134. I.H.M. van Stokkum, D.S. Larsen, R. van Grondelle, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1657, 82 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  135. M.-L. Groot, N.P. Pawlowicz, L.J.G.W. van der Wilderen, J. Breton, I.H.M. van Stokkum, R. van Grondelle, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 102, 13087 (2005)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  136. M.E. van Brederode, F. van Mourik, I.H.M. van Stokkum, M.R. Jones, R. van Grondelle, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96, 2054 (1999)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  137. B. Robert, R.J. Cogdell, R. van Grondelle, in Light-Harvesting Antennas in Photosynthesis, ed. by B.R. Green, W.W. Parson (Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 2003), pp. 169–194

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Max-Planck-Institut für Bioanorganische Chemie, D-45470, Mülheim, Germany

    A. R. Holzwarth

Authors
  1. A. R. Holzwarth
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department für Physik, Lehrstuhl für BioMolekulare Optik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Oettingenstr. 67, 80538, München, Germany

    Markus Braun , Peter Gilch  & Wolfgang Zinth ,  & 

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2008 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Holzwarth, A.R. (2008). Ultrafast Primary Reactions in the Photosystems of Oxygen-Evolving Organisms. In: Braun, M., Gilch, P., Zinth, W. (eds) Ultrashort Laser Pulses in Biology and Medicine. Biological and Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-73566-3_7

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation