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Bioengineering of Irradiated Normal Tissues by Bone Marrow Stem Cells

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Part of the book series: Medical Radiology ((Med Radiol Radiat Oncol))

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Abstract

Irradiation damage of normal tissue during radiation therapy is repaired by stem cells and differentiated progeny derived from both the irradiated tissue and from cells migrating through the blood from the bone marrow. The bone marrow contains both pluripotential hematopoietic stem cells and their committed progenitors, and bone marrow stromal cells (mesenchymal stem cells). Using defined conditions in vitro or in animal model systems in vivo, each of these marrow origin cell populations has been shown to differentiate into multiple cell lineages. Irradiation of epithelial organs stimulates migration of bone marrow cells to sites of injury where incorporation leads to either repair of acute injury or to formation of late fibrosis. The degree to which marrow origin stem and committed progenitor cells contribute to repair of irradiation damage is not known. This chapter discusses the roles of the different marrow origin cell populations in repair of irradiation-induced damage to epithelial organs.

Supported by Research Grants: RO1CA11927 and RO1CA083876.

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  1. Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, UPMC Cancer Pavilion, POB2, 5th Floor, Rm. 533, 5150, Centre Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA

    Joel S. Greenberger & Michael W. Epperly

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  1. Joel S. Greenberger
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  2. Michael W. Epperly
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Correspondence to Joel S. Greenberger .

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  1. Dept. Radiation Oncology, University of Rochester Medical Center James P. Wilmot Cancer Ctr., Rochester, New York, USA

    Philip Rubin

  2. Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Rochester Medical Center James P. Wilmot Cancer Ctr., Rochester, New York, USA

    Louis S. Constine

  3. Department of Radiation Oncology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA

    Lawrence B. Marks

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Greenberger, J.S., Epperly, M.W. (2014). Bioengineering of Irradiated Normal Tissues by Bone Marrow Stem Cells. In: Rubin, P., Constine, L., Marks, L. (eds) ALERT - Adverse Late Effects of Cancer Treatment. Medical Radiology(). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-72314-1_13

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