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Life histories, Ökologie und Verhalten

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Verhaltensbiologie

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Zusammenfassung

Wie sollten Sie Ihren Lebensfortpflanzungserfolg maximieren? Stellen Sie sich vor, Sie sind eine flexible Zygote, die das zukünftige Leben uneingeschränkt planen kann. Werden Sie nur ein paar Millimeter groß oder mehrere hundert Kilogramm schwer? Wie lange wollen Sie wachsen, bevor Sie mit welchem Alter und bei welcher Größe anfangen, sich fortzupflanzen? Fangen Sie relativ früh an sich fortzupflanzen und leben dafür kürzer oder investieren Sie weniger und später in die Fortpflanzung und leben dafür länger? Setzen Sie alles auf ein Fortpflanzungsereignis oder reproduzieren Sie sich mehrmals? Wie viel der verfügbaren Energie stecken Sie dann in die Fortpflanzung, wie viel in die Aufrechterhaltung Ihrer Lebensfunktionen und wie viel in weiteres Wachstum? Produzieren Sie wenige große Nachkommen von hoher Qualität oder besser viele kleine, die aber nicht so gut überleben? Produzieren Sie gleich viele Söhne und Töchter oder machen Sie diese Entscheidung von ökologischen oder sozialen Bedingungen abhängig? Das sind nur einige der Life history- (oder Lebenslaufstrategie-) Entscheidungen, für die jeder Organismus eine evolutionäre Antwort gefunden hat.

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(2009). Life histories, Ökologie und Verhalten. In: Verhaltensbiologie. Springer-Lehrbuch. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68792-4_2

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