Abstract
Lung cancer is the most common malignant tumor of the male patient [1]. In Germany, 29,000 men died of lung cancer in the year 1995. The mortality rate has decreased slightly in the last few decades to 45 cases per 100,000 inhabitants. For women, lung cancer represents the third most common malignant tumor, increasing steadily over the last few decades. Therefore, the standardized mortality rate has reached a level of 9.6 cases per 100,000 inhabitants per year for the year 1995 [1].
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Becker N, Wahrendorf J (1998) Krebsatlas der Bundesrepublik Deutschland 1981–1990. Springer, Berlin New York Heidelberg
Schalhorn A (1985) Bronchialkarzinom: Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der Chemotherapie. Fortschr Med 103:309–311
Schalhorn A (1985) Bronchialkarzinom: Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der Chemotherapie. Fortschr Med 103:453–456
Sobin LH, Wittekind C (1997) TNM classification of malignant tumors, 5th edn. Wiley-Liss, New York
Stahel RA, Ginsberg R, Havemann K et al (1989) Staging and prognostic factors in small cell lung cancer: a consensus report. Lung Cancer 5:119–126
Stuschke M, Heilmann HP (1996) Lunge und Mediastinum. In: Scherer E, Sack H (eds) Strahlentherapie. Springer, Berlin New York Heidelberg
Holmes EC (1989) Surgical adjuvant therapy of NSCLC. J Surg Oncol 42 [Suppl l]:26–33
Dosoretz D, Galmarini D, Rubenstein JH et al (1993) Local control in medically inoperable lung cancer: analysis of its importance in outcome and factors determining the probability of tumor eradication. Int J Radiol Oncol Biol Phys 27:507–516
Noordijk EM, van der Poest, Hermans J, Wever AMJ, Leer JWH (1988) Radiotherapy as an alternative to surgery in elderly patients with resectable lung cancer. Radiother Oncol 13:83–89
Sandler HM, Curran WJ, Turrisi AT (1990) The influence of tumor size and pre-treatment staging on outcome following radiation therapy alone for stage I NSCLC. Int J Radiol Oncol Biol Phys 10:9–13
Bülzebruck H, Danzer B, Hilkemeier G et al (1998) Metastasierung und Prognose des kleinzelligen Bronchialkarzinoms. Onkologe 4:1039–1047
Line D, Deeley TJ (1971) The necropsy findings in carcinoma of the bronchus. Br J Dis Chest 65:238
Wolf M (1998) Kleinzelliges Bronchialkarzinom: Klinische Präsentation, Diagnostik und prognostische Faktoren. Onkologe 4:1005–1018
Hansen HH, Muggia FM (1972) Staging of inoperable patients with bronchogenic carcinoma with special reference to bone marrow and peritoneoscopy. Cancer 30:1395–1401
Schalhorn A, Sunder-Plassmann L (2000) Maligne Tumoren der Thorakal-und Mediastinalorgane. In: Wilmanns W, Huhn D, Wilms K (eds) Internistische Onkologie.Thieme, Stuttgart, pp 617–642
Bonomi PD, Finkelstein DM, Ruckdeschel JC et al (1989) Combination chemotherapy vs. single agents followed by combinations chemotherapy in stage IV NSCLC: a study of the eastern cooperative oncology group. J Clin Oncol 7:1602–1613
Drings P, Becker H, Bül zebruck H, Manke HG, Tessen HW (1990) Chemotherapie des fortgeschrittenen nichtkleinzelligen Bronchialkarzinoms mit Ifosfamid und Etoposid. Tumordiagn Ther 11:79–84
Spiegelman D, Maurer H, Ware JH (1989) Prognostic factors in SCLC: an analysis of 1521 patients. J Clin Oncol 7:344–354
Rosell R, Lopez-Cabrerizo MP, Astudillo J (1997) Pre-operative chemotherapy for stage IIIA NSCLC. Curr Opin Oncol 9:149–155
Albain KS, Crowley JJ, Leblanc M, Livingston RB (1990) Determinants of improved outcome in SCLC: an analysis of the 2580 patients-Southwest Oncology Group data base. J Clin Oncol 8:1563–1574
Manegold C, Bül zebruck H, Drings P, Vogt-Moykopf I (1989) Prognostische Faktoren beim kleinzelligen Bronchialkarzinom. Onkologe 12:240–245
Golz R, Stör kel S (1999) Anatomie und Pathologie des Prostatakarzinom. In: Hinkelbein W, Miller K, Wiegel T (eds) Prostatakarzinom. Springer, Berlin New York Heidelberg
Statistisches Bundesamt (1994) Gesundtheitswesen. Fachserie 12, Reihe 4 Todesursachen in Deutschland, Wiesbaden
Saitoh H, Hida M, Shimbo T et al (1984) Metastatic patterns of prostatic cancer. Cancer 54:3078–3084
De la Monte SM, Moore GW, Hutchins GM (1986) Metastatic behaviour of prostate cancer. Cancer 58:985–993
Ravery V, Schmid HP, Toublanc M, Boccon-Gibod L (1996) Is the percentage of cancer in biopsy cores predictive of extracapsular disease in T1-T2 prostate cancer? Cancer 78:1079–1084
Badalament RA, Miller MC, Peller PA et al (1996) An algorithm for predicting nonorgan confined prostate cancer using the results obtained from sexant core biopsies with prostate specific antigen level. J Urol 156:1375–1380
Breul J, Binder K, Här tung R (1991) Fehler bei der präoperativen Bestimmung des lokalen Tumorstadiums bei der radikalen Prostatektomie. In: Härtung R, Kropp A (eds) Urologische Beckenchirurgie. Springer, Berlin New York Heidelberg, pp 271–298
Rorvik J, Halvorsen OJ, Servoll E, Haukaas S (1994) Transrectal ultrasonography to assess local extent of prostatic cancer before radical prostatectomy. Br J Urol 73:65–69
Partin A, Yoo J, Carter HB (1990) PSA in the staging of localized prostate cancer: influence of tumor differentiation tumor volume and benign hyperplasia. J Urol 143:747–756
Kleer E, Oesterlin JE (1993) PSA and staging of localized prostate cancer. Urol Clin North Am 20:695–705
Catalona WJ, Smith DS, Ratliff TL Basler JW et al (1991) Measurement of PSA in serum as a screening test for prostate cancer. N Engl J Med 324:1156–1161
Wirth MP, Frohmül ler HGW (1992) PSA and prostate acid phosphatase in the detection of early prostate cancer and the prediction of regional lymph node metastases. Eur Urol 22:27–32
Shreve PD, Grossman HB, Gross MD, Wahl RL (1996) Metastatic prostate cancer: initial findings of PET with F-18 fluoro-D-glucose. Radiology 199:751–756
Partin AW, Kattan MW, Subong EN et. al (1997) Combination of PSA, clinical stage, and Gleason Score to predict pathological stage of localized prostate cancer. JAMA 277:1445–1451
Klan R, Meier T, Knispel HH, Wegner HE, Miller K (1995) Laparoscopic pelvic lymphadenectomy in prostatic cancer. Urol Int 55:78–83
Catalona WJ, Smith DJ (1994) 5-year tumor recurrence rates after anatomical radical retropubic prostatectomy for prostate cancer. J Urol 152:1837–1842
Ohori M, Goag JR, Wheeler TM et al (1994) Can radical prostatectomy alter the progression of poorly differentiated prostate cancer? J Urol 152:1843–1849
Hanks GE, LeeWR, Haulon MS et al (1996) Conformai technique dose escalation for prostate cancer. Int J RadiatOncol Biol Phys 35:861–868
Zietman AL, Shipley WU (1993) Randomized trials in loco-regionally confined prostate cancer: past present and future. Semin Radiol Oncol 3:210–220
Epstein JI, Pizov G, Walsh PC (1993) Correlation of pathologic findings with progression after radical retropubic prostatectomy. Cancer 71:3586–3589
Perez CA, Hanks GE, Leibel SA et al (1993) Localized carcinoma of the prostate (stages Tl, T2 and T3). Cancer 72:3156–3173
Chybowski FM, Keller JL, Bergstrahl EJ, Oesterling JE (1991) Predicting radionuclide bone scan finding in patients with newly diagnosed untreated prostate cancer. J Urol 145:313–318
Andriole GL, Kavoussi LR, Torrence JR (1988) Transrectal ultrasonography in the diagnosis and staging of the carcinoma of the prostate. J Urol 140:758–760
Noldus J, Stamey TA (1996) Limitations of serum PSA in predicting peripheral and transition zone cancer volumes as measured by correlation coefficients. J Urol 155:232–237
Kelsey JL, Gammon MD (1991) The epidemiology of breast cancer. Cancer 41:146–65
Sondik EJ (1994) Breast cancer trends. Incidence, mortality and survival. Cancer 74:995–999
Possinger K, Große Y (2000) Mammakarzinome und gynäkologische Tumoren. In: Wilmanns W, Huhn D, Wilms K (eds) Internistische Onkologie Thieme, Stuttgart, pp 452–508
Spratt JS, Donegan WL. Cancer of the breast. Saunders Philadelphia 1979.
Tabar I, Grad A, Holmberg LH et al (1985) Reduction in mortality from breast cancer after mass screening with mammography. Lancet 1:829
Boag JW, Jaybittle JL, Fowler JR (1971) The number of patinets required in a clinical trial. Brit J Radiol 44:122
Smart CR, Myers MH, Gloeckler LA (1978) Implications from SEER data on breast cancer management. Cancer 41:787–789
Koscielny SM, Tubiana M, Le MG et al (1984) Breast cancer. Relationship between the size of the primary tumor and the probability of metastatic dissemination. Br J Cancer 49:709
Donegan WL Epidemiology. In: Donegan WL, Spratt JS (eds) Cancer of the breast. Saunders, Philadelphia, pp 39–46
Foster RS Jr, Lang SP, Costanza MC et al (1978) Breast self-examination practices and breast cancer stage. New Engl J Med 299:265–270
Andersson I (1988) Mammographie screening and mortality from breast cancer: Malmö mammographie screening trial. BMJ 297 943–948
Frisell J, Eklund G, Hellström L et al (1991) Randomized study of mammography screening-preliminary report on mortality in the Stockholm trial. Breast Cancer Res Treat 18:49–56
Miller AB, Baines CJ, To T et al (1992) Canada national breast screening study. Can Med Assoc J 147:1459–1488
Meuret G (1995) Grundlagen des Mammakarzinoms. In: Meuret G (ed) Mammakarzinom. Thieme, Stuttgart, pp 1–21
Clark GM, Sledge GW, Osborne CK, McGuire WL (1987) Survival from first recurrence: relative importance of prognostic factors in 1015 breast cancer patients. J Clin Oncol 5:55–61
Come SE, Schnipper LE (1991) Myelophtisisanemia and other aspects of bone marrow involvement. In: Harris JR, Hellman S, Henderson IC, Kinne DW (eds) Breast diseases. Lippincott, Philadelphia, pp 761–766
Perez DJ, Powles TJ, Milan J et al (1983) Detection of breast carcinoma metastases in bone: relative merits of x-rays and skeletal scintigraphy. Lancet 2:613–616
Rossing N, Munck O, Nielsen SP et al (1982) What do early bone scans tell about breast cancer patients? Eur J Cancer Clin Oncol 18:629–636
Kamby C, Bruun Rasmussen B, Kristensen B (1991) Prognostic indicators of metastatic bone disease in human breast cancer. Cancer 68:2045–2050
Muss HB (1992) Endocrine therapy for advanced breast cancer: a review. Breast Cancer Res Treat 21:15–26
Diel IJ, Solomayer EF, Costa SD et al (1998) Reduction in new metastases in breast cancer with adjuvant clodronate treatment. N Engl J Med 339:357–363
Conte N, Giannessi PG, Latreille J et al (1994) Delayed progression of bone metastases with pamidronate therapy in breast cancer patients: a randomized, multicenter phase III trial. Br J Cancer 70: 554–558
Van Holten-Verzantvoort ATM, Hermans J et al (1996) Does supportive pamodronate treatment prevent or delay the first manifestation of bone metastases in breast cancer patients. Eur J Cancer 32:450–454
Aberizk WJ, Silver B, Henderson IC et al (1986) The use of radiotherapy for treatment of isolated locore-gional recurrence of breast carcinoma after mastectomy. Cancer 58:1214–1218
Janjan NA, McNeese MD, Buzdar AU et al (1986) Management of locoregional recurrent breast cancer. Cancer 58:1552–1556
Noguchi S, Miyauchi K, Nishizawa Y et al (1987) Results of surgical treatment for sternal metastases in breast cancer. Cancer 60:2524–2531
Schirrmeister H, Guhlmann A, Kotzerke J et al (1999) Early detection and accurate description of extent of metastatic bone disease in breast cancer with fluoride ion and positron emission tomography. J Clin Oncol 17:2381–2389
Gambhir SS, Czernin J, Schwimmer J et al (2001) A tabulated summary of the FDG-PET literature. J Nucl Med 42:1S–93S
Blau M, Nagler W, Bender MA (1962) A new isotope for bone scanning. J Nucl Med 3:332–334
Cook G, Fogelman I (2001) The role of positron emission tomography in skeletal disease. Semin Nucl Med 1:50–61
Hawkins RA, Choi Y, Huang SC et al (1992) Evaluation of the skeletal kinetics of fluorine-18-fluoride ion with PET. J Nucl Med 33:633–642
Hoh CK, Hawkins RA, Dahlbom M et al (1993) Whole body skeletal imaging with F-18 fluoride ion and PET. J Comp Assist Tomogr 17:34–41
Me Neil BJ et al (1973) Fluroine-18 bone scintigraphy in children with osteosarcoma or Ewing’s sarcoma. Radiology 109:627–631
Buck AC et al (1975) Serial fluorine-18 bone scans in the follow-up of carcinoma of the prostate. Br J Urol 47:287–294
Rosenfield N, Treves S (1974) Osseous and extraosse-ous uptake of fluorine-18 and techentium-99m poly-phosphate in children with neuroblastoma. Radiology 111:127–133
Schirrmeister H, Rentschier M, Kotzerke J et al (1998) Skeletal imaging with F-18 NaF PET and comparison with planar scintigraphy. Fortschr Röntgenstr 168:451–456
Schirrmeister H, Guhlmann CA, Diederichs CG, Träger H, Reske SN (1999) Planar bone imaging vs. F-18 PET in patients with cancer of the prostate, thyroid and lung. J Nucl Med 40:1623–1629
Schirrmeister H, Glatting G, Hetzel J, Nussle K, Arslandemir C, Buck AK, Dziuk K, Gabelmann A, Reske SN, Hetzel M (2001) Prospective evaluation of the clinical value of planar bone scans, SPECT, and (18)F-labeled NaF PET in newly diagnosed lung cancer. J Nucl Med 42:1800–1804
Palmedo H, Schaible R, Textor J, Ko Y, Grohe C, von Mallek D, Ezziddin S, Reinhardt MJ, Biersack H J (2002) PET with 18F Fluoride compared to bone scintigraphy in the diagnosis of bone metastases: results of a prospective study. J Nucl Med [Suppl]:1150–1151
Lonneux M, Borbath II, Berliere M, Kirkove C, Pauwels S (2000) The place of whole-body PET FDG for the diagnosis of distant recurrence of breast cancer. Clin Positron Imaging 3:45–49
Ohta M, Tokuda Y, Suzuki Y, Kubota M, Makuuchi H, Tajima T, Nasu S, Suzuki Y, Yasuda S, Shohtsu A (2001) Whole body PET for the evaluation of bony metastases in patients with breast cancer: comparison with 99Tcm-MDP bone scintigraphy. Nucl Med Commun 22:875–879
Yang SN, Liang JA, Lin FJ, Kao CH, Lin CC, Lee CC (2002) Comparing whole body (18)F-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography and technetium-99m methylène diphosphonate bone scan to detect bone metastases in patients with breast cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 128:325–328
Marom EM, McAdams HP, Erasmus JJ, Goodman PC, Culhane DK, Coleman RE, Herndon JE, Patz EF Jr (1999) Staging non-small cell lung cancer with whole-body PET. Radiology 212:803–809
Garcia JR, Simo M, Perez G, Soler M, Lopez S, Setoain X, Lomena F (2003) 99mTc-MDP bone scintigraphy and 18F-FDG positron emission tomography in lung and prostate cancer patients: different affinity between lytic and sclerotic bone metastases. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 30:1714.
Even-Sapir E, Metser U, Mishani E, Lievshitz G, Lerman H, Leibovitch I (2006) The detection of bone metastases in patients with high-risk prostate cancer: 99mTc-MDP planar bone scintigraphy, single-and multi-field-of-view SPECT, 18F-fluoride PET, and 18F-fluoride PET/CT. J Nucl Med 47:287–297
Buscombe JR, Holloway B, Roche N, Bombardieri E (2004) Position of nuclear medicine modalities in the diagnostic work-up of breast cancer. Q J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 48:109–118
Ghanem N, Altehoefer C, Kelly T, Lohrmann C, Winterer J, Schäfer O, Bley TA, Moser E, Langer M (2006) Whole-body MRI in comparison to skeletal scintigraphy in detection of skeletal metastases in patients with solid tumors. In Vivo 20:173–182
Frat A, Agildere M, Gencoglu A, Cakir B, Akin O, Akcali Z, Aktas A (2006) Value of whole-body turbo short tau inversion recovery magnetic resonance imaging with panoramic table for detecting bone metastases: comparison with 99MTc-methylene diphosphonate scintigraphy. J Comput Assist Tomogr 30:151–156
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2008 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Palmedo, H., Grohé, C., Ko, Y., Tasci, S. (2008). PET and PET/CT with F-18 Fluoride in Bone Metastases. In: Dresel, S. (eds) PET in Oncology. Recent Results in Cancer Research, vol 170. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-31203-1_17
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-31203-1_17
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-31202-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-31203-1
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)