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Shaded coffee and the stability of rainforest margins in northern Latin America

  • Chapter
Stability of Tropical Rainforest Margins

Part of the book series: Environmental Science and Engineering ((ENVSCIENCE))

Abstract

Most native forests in Latin America are highly fragmented. In the mid elevation areas of Northern Latin America, the agricultural matrix is frequently composed of coffee. In this region, coffee has been traditionally cultivated under the diverse canopy of shade trees, representing a high quality matrix that can contribute to the social and ecological stability of the region. This agroforestry system has been proven to be important for biodiversity conservation. Studies over the last fifteen years have shown that shaded coffee plantations maintain a high diversity of vertebrates, invertebrates and plants. These organisms play an important role in the functioning of coffee agroecosystems. Shaded coffee plantations promote a high abundance and diversity of natural enemies that help to regulate herbivores, weeds and diseases. Shaded plantations also harbor a higher diversity of native pollinators which have been shown to contribute to higher coffee yields. Likewise, the diverse shade-tree component contributes to soil fertility and soil conservation and has been shown to contribute significantly to carbon sequestration. As a matrix, coffee agroforests also contribute to the conservation of biodiversity within forest fragments by promoting migration among fragments and facilitating a metapopulation structure. Three “sustainable” coffee certification programs have been developed to help farmers cope with the vagaries of the market: organic, fair-trade and biodiversity-friendly (or shade-grown). Although certified coffees still represent a small niche market, they have the potential to promote conservation and benefit the livelihoods of small producers. Especially under conditions of low international coffee prices, as those experienced in the first years of this century, these certification programs have contributed to the ecological and socio-economic stability of the coffee growing regions of northern Latin America.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Natural Resources and Environment, Dana Building, University of Michigan, 440 Church St., Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA

    Ivette Perfecto

  2. Departamento de Biología, Universidad de Valle, Apartado Aéreo, 25360, Cali, Colombia

    Inge Armbrecht

  3. Smithsonian Migratory Bird Center, National Zoological Park, 3001 Connecticut Avenue NW, Washington, DC, 20008, USA

    Stacy M. Philpott

  4. El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Unidad San Cristóbal, Carretera Panamericana y Periférico Sur, Apartado Postal 63, C.P. 29290, San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas, México

    Lorena Soto-Pinto

  5. Institute of the Environment, Center for Tropical Research, University of California, Los Angeles, La Kretz Hall, Suite 300, Box 951496, Los Angeles, California, 90095-1496, USA

    Thomas V. Dietsch

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  1. Ivette Perfecto
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  2. Inge Armbrecht
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  3. Stacy M. Philpott
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Agroecology Group, University of Göttingen, Waldweg 26, 37073, Göttingen, Germany

    Teja Tscharntke

  2. Department of Plant Sciences, University of Göttingen, Untere Karspüle 2, 37073, Göttingen, Germany

    Christoph Leuschner

  3. Institute of Agricultural Economics and Social Sciences in the Tropics and Subtropics, University of Hohenheim (490), 70593, Stuttgart, Germany

    Manfred Zeller

  4. Center for Tropical Forest Margin, Institut Pertanian Bogor (IPB), JI. Raya Gunung Gede, Bogor, 16153, Indonesia

    Edi Guhardja

  5. Universitas Tadulako, Kampus Bumi Tondo, Palu, 94118, Indonesia

    Arifuddin Bidin

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Perfecto, I., Armbrecht, I., Philpott, S.M., Soto-Pinto, L., Dietsch, T.V. (2007). Shaded coffee and the stability of rainforest margins in northern Latin America. In: Tscharntke, T., Leuschner, C., Zeller, M., Guhardja, E., Bidin, A. (eds) Stability of Tropical Rainforest Margins. Environmental Science and Engineering. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-30290-2_12

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