Abstract
Most ad-hoc routing protocols such as AODV and DSR do not try to search for new routes if the network topology does not change. Hence, with low node mobility, traffic may be concentrated on several nodes, which results in long end-to-end delay due to congestion at the nodes. Furthermore, since some specific nodes are continuously used for long duration, their battery power may be rapidly exhausted. Expiration of nodes causes connections traversing the nodes to be disrupted and makes many routing requests be generated at the same time. Therefore, we propose a load balancing approach called Simple Load-balancing Approach (SLA), which resolves the traffic concentration problem by allowing each node to drop RREQ or to give up packet forwarding depending on its own traffic load. Meanwhile, mobile nodes may deliberately give up forwarding packets to save their own energy. To make nodes volunteer in packet forwarding we also suggest a payment scheme called Protocol-Independent Fairness Algorithm (PIFA) for packet forwarding. To evaluate the performance of SLA we compare two cases where AODV employs SLA or not. Simulation results show that SLA can distribute traffic load well and improve performance of entire ad-hoc networks.
This work was supported by Korea Research Foundation Grant. (KRF-2003-041-D00501)
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Perkins, C.E., Royer, E.M., Das, S.R.: Ad hoc On-demand Distance Vector (AODV) Routing. IETF MANET Internet-draft (2003)
Johnson, D.B., Maltz, D.A., Hu, Y.-C.: The Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) Protocol for Mobile Ad hoc Networks. IETF MANET Internet-draft (2003)
Das, S.R., Perkins, C.E., Royer, E.M.: Performance Comparison of Two Ondemand Routing Protocols for Ad hoc Networks. In: Proc. IEEE INFOCOM, pp. 3–12 (2000)
Buttyán, L., Hubaux, J.-P.: Enforcing Service Availability in Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks. In: Proc. ACM MobiHoc, pp. 87–96 (2000)
Zhong, S., Chen, J., Yang, Y.R.: Sprite: A Simple, Cheat-Proof, Credit-Based System for Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks. In: Proc. IEEE INFOCOM, pp. 1987–1997 (2003)
Hassanein, H., Zhou, A.: Routing with Load Balancing in Wireless Ad hoc Networks. In: Proc. ACM MSWiM, pp. 89–96 (2001)
Lee, S.-J., Gerla, M.: Dynamic Load-Aware Routing in Ad hoc Networks. In: Proc. IEEE ICC, pp. 3206–3210 (2001)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2004 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Yoo, Y., Ahn, S. (2004). A Simple Load-Balancing Approach in Secure Ad Hoc Networks. In: Kahng, HK., Goto, S. (eds) Information Networking. Networking Technologies for Broadband and Mobile Networks. ICOIN 2004. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 3090. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-25978-7_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-25978-7_5
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-23034-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-25978-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive