Abstract
Often a mixture of policy tools works best. This has also been the rationale behind fiscal coordination in the Eurozone over the past decades. Eurozone Member States had to keep their budgets in balance and avoid excessive deficits. To this end a combination of two very different mechanisms was put in place.
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Notes
- 1.
For the first time Climate Change is a fully recognised EU policy according to the Treaty of Lisbon.
- 2.
Some successes were achieved in the area of sustainability of the social security systems, i.e. several reforms were undertaken affecting the labour markets and pension, research and education systems, including the drop in the average number of days necessary to start a company in the EU, from 96 days in 2004–35 in 2008. Most Member States have overhauled their pension system since the start of the Lisbon agenda. Experts also agree that the Lisbon Agenda reforms played a significant part in the drop in unemployment that occurred in the years immediately prior to the financial crisis. All in all, 18 million jobs were created over the period. Unemployment in the EU fell to 6.7% in the period February-April 2008– its lowest level for decades. In addition, the EU’s average rate of growth was close to 3%.
- 3.
Ten years after the formal adoption of the reform strategy the results were mixed. As for employment levels, research and development investments, some progress was made, however without reaching the targets. Employment levels rose in the years leading up to the financial crisis, but not by enough to reach the target of 70%. The EU’s total employment rate was 66% in 2008, compared to 62% in 2000. Research and development investment remained static at around 1,9% throughout most of the strategy’s period of operation. This meant that Europe’s commitment to research remained behind that of the US (2,7%), Japan (3,4%) and South Korea (3,2%).
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The first, issued by the French Senate, relates to the EU action for the European Heritage Label. The second was adopted by the Polish Senate on establishing a European Agency for the Management of Operational Cooperation at the External Borders of the Member States of the European Union (Frontex). The third reasoned opinion comes from the Austrian Bundesrat and concerns a Commission proposal for a directive on the right to translation and interpretation in criminal proceedings […].
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© 2013 VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden
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Kaeding, M. (2013). EPILOGUE – From Europe 2020 to the TSCG and National Solvit-Centres. In: Towards an Effective European Single Market. VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-19684-8_8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-19684-8_8
Publisher Name: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, Wiesbaden
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