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The Expressed Portion of the Barley Genome

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The Barley Genome

Part of the book series: Compendium of Plant Genomes ((CPG))

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Abstract

In this chapter, we refer to the expressed portion of the barley genome as the relatively small fraction of the total cellular DNA that either contains the genes that ultimately produce proteins, or that directly/indirectly controls the level, location and/or timing of when these genes are expressed and proteins are produced. We start by describing the dynamics of tissue and time-dependent gene expression and how common patterns across multiple samples can provide clues about gene networks involved in common biological processes. We then describe some of the complexities of how a single mRNA template can be differentially processed by alternative splicing to generate multiple different proteins or provide a mechanism to regulate the amount of functional gene product in a cell at a given point in time. We extend our analysis, using a number of biological examples, to address how diverse families of small non-coding microRNAs specifically regulate gene expression, and complete our appraisal by looking at the physical/molecular environment around genes that can result in either the promotion or repression of gene expression. We conclude by assessing some of the issues that remain around our ability to fully exploit the depth and power of current approaches for analysing gene expression and propose improvements that could be made using new but available sequencing and bioinformatics technologies.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. James Hutton Institute, Dundee, UK

    Craig G. Simpson, Micha Bayer, Paulo Rapazote-Flores, Pete E. Hedley, Runxuan Zhang & Robbie Waugh

  2. Murdoch University, Perth, Australia

    Roberto A. Barrero & Matthew I. Bellgard

  3. Division of Plant Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK

    Andrew Flavell & Robbie Waugh

Authors
  1. Craig G. Simpson
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  2. Roberto A. Barrero
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  3. Micha Bayer
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  4. Andrew Flavell
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  5. Paulo Rapazote-Flores
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  6. Matthew I. Bellgard
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  7. Pete E. Hedley
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  8. Runxuan Zhang
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  9. Robbie Waugh
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Correspondence to Robbie Waugh .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Seeland, Sachsen-Anhalt, Germany

    Nils Stein

  2. Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA

    Gary J. Muehlbauer

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Simpson, C.G. et al. (2018). The Expressed Portion of the Barley Genome. In: Stein, N., Muehlbauer, G. (eds) The Barley Genome. Compendium of Plant Genomes. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92528-8_7

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