Abstract
The increase in demand for food products has forced production in agricultural sector at faster rate. Application of chemical fertilizers consisting of phosphorous, nitrates and potassium increased the yield with more negative impacts on environment. The run-off water from agriculture field with high concentration of nitrates and phosphates contaminate the water bodies such as rivers and lakes thus affecting the aquatic system and creatures. Algal growth and degradation occurs at faster rate and the microbes utilize the dissolved oxygen present in water. Lack of oxygen in water causes suffocation and death of living creatures resulting in eutrophication. Adsorption technique has been widely used to overcome these problems. Graphene nanocomposites find promising application in adsorbing and removing nitrates and phosphates from the water bodies. Graphene nanocomposites can be obtained from its derivatives such as graphene oxide, chemically and thermally reduced graphene oxides. They act as nanosorbents and are widely used owing to their properties such as biocompatibility, stability, high surface area to volume ratio, good conductivity and low-cost synthesis. It can be synthesised by solvent processing, melt processing or in situ polymerization methods. Studies reveal that graphene nanocomposites prove to be ideally potent in removing pollutants such as nitrates and phosphates.
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Senthil Kumar, P., Yaashikaa, P.R., Ramalingam, S. (2019). Efficient Removal of Nitrate and Phosphate Using Graphene Nanocomposites. In: Naushad, M. (eds) A New Generation Material Graphene: Applications in Water Technology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75484-0_12
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