Abstract
An important feature we must take account of is complementarity: the interconnection and interdependence of apparently polar opposites or conflicting forces in the natural world. We address the relationship between Brenner’s ‘inclusive middle’ and our own ‘exclusive middle’ between, for example non-locality and localization. We describe complementary duality in Nature, and posit the dual character of a model hierarchy, in terms of scaled representations of an entity and similarly scaled internal representations of its environment. The electronic properties of a conductor provide an excellent example. An extensive description of emergence is presented, and ‘half of a quantum jump’ now becomes the best exemplar of emergence. A logical development of systemic entity-ecosystem birationality is presented, and this is directly related to the dual character of a model hierarchy.
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Notes
- 1.
Brenner would, we believe, maintain that the strength of ‘A’ to ‘non-A’ complementarity is not a variable feature.
- 2.
Parameter : ‘an arbitrary constant whose value characterizes a member of a system ’ (Merriam-Webster).
- 3.
It would be possible to disagree with the characterization of voltage and current as complementary parameters, as one of them (voltage ) is habitually treated as an ‘independent variable ’, and the other (current ) a ‘dependent variable ’, but more correctly they are complementary .
- 4.
The property of a fractal we call upon here is that of detailed recursive self-similarity across endless magnifications of the internal structure of the complex inter-scalar layer.
- 5.
(With regard to) the ‘included middle ’, this is only one and perhaps not the best translation of the Lupasco idea, developed by Nicolescu (2002), of le tiers inclus. Nicolescu prefers the expression ‘included third’, which carries the flavour of an ontologically real entity , emerging from real contradictorial interactions (Joseph Brenner: private communication ).
- 6.
Note that we are again using the word ‘information ’ very loosely here, for want of a better description.
- 7.
Walter Schempp: private communication .
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Cottam, R., Ranson, W. (2017). Two’s Company. In: Bridging the Gap between Life and Physics. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74533-6_8
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