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Obesity, Adipokines, and Gynecologic Cancer

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Focus on Gynecologic Malignancies

Part of the book series: Energy Balance and Cancer ((EBAC,volume 13))

Abstract

The evidence that obesity and excess fat in adipose tissue lead to poor prognosis for gynecological cancers is overwhelming. Indeed, obese women are at two to fourfold greater risk of developing endometriod cancer than normal weight women. Further, obese women with a BMI greater than 40 have a sixfold increased relative risk of death from uterine cancer compared to women with BMI of 25 or less. Adipose tissue is now well recognized as an endocrine organ capable of secreting factors called adipokines that act locally and on other organ systems, tissues, and tumors. This chapter will review the existing evidence that adipose-derived factors promote both the initiation and progression of gynecological cancers. Where available, we will discuss the evidence for interaction with specific gynecological organs sites and define future directions for approaches to disrupt the obesity-cancer link.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank VeloSano Bike to Cure and the Laura J. Fogarty Endowment for Uterine Cancer Research at the Cleveland Clinic for their support of our research endeavors in gynecologic malignancy. We would also like to acknowledge Amanda Mendelsohn of the Cleveland Clinic Center for Medical Art and Photography for the figures presented in this chapter.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology and Women’s Health Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA

    Elizabeth V. Connor M.D.

  2. Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, NC10, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA

    Ofer Reizes Ph.D. & Caner Saygin M.D.

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  1. Elizabeth V. Connor M.D.
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Correspondence to Ofer Reizes Ph.D. .

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  1. Center for Science, Health and Society, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA

    Nathan A. Berger

  2. Department of Radiation Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA

    Ann H. Klopp

  3. Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA

    Karen H. Lu

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Connor, E.V., Reizes, O., Saygin, C. (2018). Obesity, Adipokines, and Gynecologic Cancer. In: Berger, N., Klopp, A., Lu, K. (eds) Focus on Gynecologic Malignancies. Energy Balance and Cancer, vol 13. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63483-8_6

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