Abstract
Letters x and y alternate in a word w if after deleting in w all letters but the copies of x and y we either obtain a word \(xyxy\cdots \) (of even or odd length) or a word \(yxyx\cdots \) (of even or odd length). A graph \(G=(V,E)\) is word-representable if and only if there exists a word w over the alphabet V such that letters x and y alternate in w if and only if \(xy\in E\).
Word-representable graphs generalize several important classes of graphs such as circle graphs, 3-colorable graphs and comparability graphs. This paper offers a comprehensive introduction to the theory of word-represent-able graphs including the most recent developments in the area.
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Notes
- 1.
The patterns considered in this section are ordered, and their study comes from Algebraic Combinatorics. There are a few results on word-representable graphs and (unordered) patterns studied in Combinatorics on Words, namely on squares and cubes in words, that are not presented in this paper, but can be found in [17, Sect. 7.1.3]. One of the results says that for any word-representable graph, there exists a cube-free word representing it.
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Kitaev, S. (2017). A Comprehensive Introduction to the Theory of Word-Representable Graphs. In: Charlier, É., Leroy, J., Rigo, M. (eds) Developments in Language Theory. DLT 2017. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 10396. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62809-7_2
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