Abstract
Starting from a review of relevant reports and research experiences to provide a wider context for the analysis, this chapter aims to examine the extent to which the University of Catania is just in the city, or a part of it and contributing actively to its development. In particular, we discuss the impact of University activities in the areas of social or community engagement, intended to address critical societal issues and contribute to the public good. To better understand the level of University engagement within its wider community, this chapter is based on the analysis of the wider third mission activities of the University, to highlight the commitment of the University to perform research. The aim is to cope with some problems of the city and the surrounding region and the consequent ability of the University to disseminate the results of such research within the community.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
The VQR indicators in the Italian context (2013) is the first tool to evaluate Italian universities and their third mission activities, suddivise in attività di valorizzazione della conoscenza and “social and cultural third mission”.A new report on universities third mission activities has been published in 2017, evaluating TM activities carried on in 2011-2014 (http://www.anvur.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=799&Itemid=597&lang=it)
- 2.
Research activities of professors and researchers have been considered only if carried on within research groups or research centres. A database of research themes of the more than thousand researchers of the University of Catania is still not available.
- 3.
- 4.
For more detailed information on Officine Culturali, see Section “Universities and Societal Tensions: The Place for Public Engagement” in this chapter.
- 5.
I chose to exclude the activities addressed to University staff and students, although designed to tackle some of the problems of the territory, and to analyse only those, which involve the city. This is the case of MOMACT (http://www.momact.unict.it/) that carries out activities for the sustainability, but aimed only to University staff and students: Pi.Per. service (Personalised plan of a home-University sustainable transport)s; “Pro.Bici” (bike-sharing system, now suspended due to lack of funds); Fiat Likes U"Project (car-sharing project for students).
- 6.
In the program of the Rector elected in May 2013, as regards the relationship between universities and the local territory, we read: “A strategy of concentric diversification is needed, whose aim should be … an active role played by University as a place of cultural promotion and construction of critical knowledge in the territory, while collaborating with other institutions… I believe that, in this context, the priority value should be to commit oneself to action, together with the public and private institutions of the town, to become a “cultural system”, even though within the limits of available resources. In addition, cultural initiatives-both the ones taken by the Athenaeum and the ones it is involved in-should be enhanced, so as to promote culture and the creativity of young people in all its forms.
References
Battenburg JR (1981) Forging links between industry and the academic world. J Soc Res Adm 12(3):5–11
Benneworth P, Cunha J (2015) Universities’ contributions to social innovation: reflections in theory & practice. Eur J Innov Manag 18(4):508–527
Benneworth P, Charles D, Madanipour A (2010) Building localized interactions between universities and cities through university spatial development. Eur Plan Stud 18(10):1611–1629
Benneworth P, Osborne M (2014) Knowledge, engagement and higher education in Europe. In: Escrigas C, Granados J, Hall BL, Tandon R (eds) Higher education in the world 5: knowledge, engagement and higher education: contributing to social change. GUNI series on the social commitment of universities. Palgrave Macmillan, New York, pp 204–217
Benneworth P, Charles D, Hodgson C, Humphrey L (2013) The relationship of community engagement with universities’ core missions. In: Benneworth P (ed) University engagement with socially excluded communities. Springer, Dordrecht, pp 85–101
Benneworth P, de Boer H, Jongbloed B (2015) Between good intentions and urgent stakeholder pressures: institutionalizing the universities’ third mission in the Swedish context. Eur J High Educ 5(3):280–296
Boyer E (1996) The scholarship of engagement. J Public Outreach 1(1):11–20
Brazeal G (2012) How much does a belief cost? Revisiting the marketplace of ideas (March 26, 2012). South Calif Interdiscip Law J 21. SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1691952. Accessed Apr 2016
Bryson J (2000) Spreading the message: management consultants and the shaping of economic geographies in time and space. In: Bryson JR et al (eds) Knowledge, space, economy. Routledge, London
Butin DW (2006) The limits of service-learning in higher education. Rev High Educ 29(4):473–498
Butin DW (2010) Service-learning in theory and practice: the future of community engagement in higher education. Palgrave Macmillan, New York
Clark BR (1998a) Creating entrepreneurial universities: organizational pathways of transformation. Pergamon Press, Oxford
Clark BR (1998b) The entrepreneurial university: demand and response 1. Tert Educ Manag 4(1):5–16
Clark BR (2004) Sustaining change in universities: continuities in case studies and concepts. Open University Press, Maidenhead
Colbeck CL, Michael PW (2006) Individual and organizational influences on faculty members’ engagement in public scholarship. In: Eberly RA, Cohen JR (eds) Public scholarship. New directions for teaching and learning. Jossey-Bass, San Francisco, pp 17–26
Committee on Institutional Cooperation (2005) Resource guide and recommendations for defining and benchmarking engagement. Committee on Institutional Cooperation, Committee on Engagement, Champaign. http://www.cic.uiuc.edu/groups/CommitteeOnEngagement. Accessed Jan 2016
De Boer HF, Enders J, Leisyte L (2007) Public sector reform in Dutch higher education: the organizational transformation of the university. Public Adm 85(1):27–46
Dewey J (1938) Experience and education. Collier Books, New York
Doyle L, Longworth N, Osborne MJ (2007) Report on the LILARA presented to the European Commission. DGEaC (Directorate-General for Education and Culture), Brussels
Driscoll A (2008) Carnegie’s Community-Engagement Classification: Intentions and insights. Change, 40(1):38–41
Dossier Tuttoscuola dispersione scolastica nella scuola secondaria superioe statale (2014). http://www.tuttoscuola.com/public/uploads/000/Tuttoscuola-Dossier-Dispersione_11_6_14.pdf. Accessed Jan 2016
Dunlap RE, Brulle RJ (eds) (2015) Climate change and society: sociological perspectives. Oxford University Press, Oxford
Duke C (2008) University engagement: avoidable confusion and inescapable contradiction. High Educ Manag Policy 20(2):63–73
Eckert T, Preisinger-Kleine R, Fartusnic C, Houston M, Jucevičienė P, Dillon B, et al. (2012). Quality in developing learning cities and regions: a guide for practitioners and stakeholders. Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich
Etzkowitz H, Leydesdorff L (2000) The dynamics of innovation: from National Systems and Mode 2 to a triple helix of university–industry–government relations. Res policy 29(2):109–123
Etzkowitz H (2013) Anatomy of the entrepreneurial university. Soc Sci Inf 52(3):486–511
Enders J, de Boer H (2010) The mission impossible of the European University: institutional confusion and diversity. In: Amaral A, Neave G, Musselin C, Maassen P (eds) European integration and the governance of higher education and research. Springer, Dordrecht, pp 159–180
European Union (2011) Connecting universities to regional growth. A practical guide. A guide to help improve the contribution of universities to regional development, with a view to strengthening economic, social and territorial cohesion, in a sustainable way. http://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/sources/docgener/presenta/universities2011/universities2011_en.pdf. Accessed Jan 2016
Freire P (1973) Education for critical consciousness. Continuum Publishing, New York
Garlick S, Langworthy A (2006). Assessing university community engagement. Discussion paper prepared for the AUCEA Benchmarking Project. AUCEA
Gibb A, Haskins G, Robertson I (2012) Leading the entrepreneurial university: Meeting the entrepreneurial development needs of higher education institutions. Universities in change. Springer, New York, pp 9–45
Gibbons M, Limoges C, Nowotny H, Schwatzman S, Scott P, Trow M (1994) The new production of knowledge. Sage, London
Goddard JB, Chatterton P (1999) Regional development agencies and the knowledge economy: harnessing the potential of universities, Environ Plann C 17(6):685–699
Goddard J, Puukka J, Duke C, Dubarle P, Benneworth P (2007) As OECD (2007) higher education and regions: globally competitive, regionally engaged. OECD/IMHE, Paris
Goddard J, Vallance P (2013) The university and the city. Routledge, London
Goddard J, Vallance P, Puukka J (2011) Experience of engagement between Universities and Cities: drivers and barriers in three European Cities. Built Environ 37(3):299–316
Görason B, Maharajh R, Schmoch U (2009) New activities of universities in transfer and extension: multiple requirements and manifold solutions. Sci Public Policy 36(2):157–164
Guattari F (2005) The three ecologies. Bloomsbury Publishing, London
Hamilton R, Jordan L (2010) Heritage and social inclusion in development of cultural capital: preliminary findings from the Eurolocal project. 8th Pascal Observatory International Conference, 22–24 June 2010, Östersund
Harkavy I (2006) The role of universities in advancing citizenship and social justice in the 21st century. Educ Citiz Soc Justice 1(1):5–37
Huggins R, Johnston A (2009) The economic and innovation contribution of universities: a regional perspective. Environ Plan C Gov Policy 27(6):1088–1106
Jacoby B et al (eds) (1996) Service-learning in higher education: concepts and practices. Jossey-Bass, San Francisco
Jongbloed B, Enders J, Salerno C (2008) Higher education and its communities: interconnections, interdependencies and a research agenda. High Educ 56(3):303–324
Kiely R (2005) A transformative learning model for service-learning: a longitudinal case study. Mich J Community Serv Learn 12:5–22
Kolb DA (1984) Experiential learning: experience as the source of learning and development. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs
Kuh G, Kinzie J, Schuh J et al. (2005) Student success in college: creating conditions that matter. Jossey-Bass, San Francisco
Kuh GD, Kinzie J, Buckley J, Bridges B, Hayek JC (2007) Piecing together the student success puzzle: research, propositions, and recommendations. ASHE Higher Education Report, 32(5). Jossey-Bass, San Francisco
Leydesdorff L (2012) The triple helix, quadruple Helix,…, and an N-tuple of helices: explanatory models for analyzing the knowledge-based economy?. J Knowl Econ, 3(1):25–35
Leydesdorff L, & Etzkowitz H (2003) Can ‘the public’ be considered as a fourth helix in university-industry-government relations?. Sci public pol, 30(1):55–61
Longworth N (2000) Towards a European learning society (TELS). Project report presented to the European Commission. DGEaC (Directorate-General for Education and Culture), Brussels
Longworth N (2006) Learning cities, learning regions, learning communities: lifelong learning and local government. Routledge, New York
Longworth N, Allwinkle S (2005) The PALLACE project: linking learning cities and regions in Europe, North America, Australasia and China. Final Report to the European Commission. Napier University, Edinburgh
Longworth N, Osborne M (eds) (2010) Perspectives on learning cities and regions: policies, practice and participation. NIACE, Leicester
Lowery D, May DL, Duchane KA, Coulter-Kern R, Bryant D, Morris PV et al (2006) A logic model of service-learning: tensions and issues for further consideration. Mich J Community Serv Learn 12:47–60
Lundvall B-A, Borrás S (1997) The globalising learning economy: implications for innovation policy, DG XII, Commission of the European Union, 1997
Lynch K (2006) Neo-liberalism and marketisation: the implications for higher education. Eur Educ Res J 5(1):1–17
Madanipour A (2010) Knowledge economy and the city. Routledge, London
Marginson S (2011) Higher education and public good. High Educ Q 65:411–433
Mateo A (2014) Recapturing ‘marketing’ from the ‘marketisation’ of higher education discourse. Nottingham University Business School research paper no. 2014-09
Mowery DC, Nelson RR, Sampat BN, Ziedonis AA (2004) Ivory tower and industrial innovation: university–industry technology transfer before and after the Bayh–Dole Act. Stanford Business Books, Stanford
McNall M, Sturdevant Reed C, Brown R, Allen A (2009) Brokering community–university engagement. Innov High Educ 33(5):317–331
Molas-Gallart J, Salter A, Patel P, Scott A, Duran X (2002) Measuring third stream activities. Final report to the Russell group of universities. SPRU, University of Sussex, Brighton
Molesworth M, Nixon E, Scullion R (2009) Having, being and higher education: the marketisation of the university and the transformation of the student into consumer. Teach High Educ 14(3):277–287
Mora JG, Detmer A, Vieira MJ (eds) (2010) Good practices in university-enterprise partnerships. Comisisó Europea. Direcció General d’Educació i Cultura. lifelong learning programme
OECD (2007) Higher education and regions: globally competitive, locally engaged. OECD, Paris
PASCAL (2008) The Limerick Declaration. Accessed 20 June 2017 from http://eurolocal.info/resource/limerick-declaration-blueprint-learning-regions
Pike A, Rodri´Guez-Pose A, Tomaney J (2007) What kind of local and regional development and for whom? Reg Stud 41(9):1253–1269
Sarimin M, Yigitcanlar T (2012) Towards a comprehensive and integrated knowledge-based urban development model: status quo and directions. Int J Knowl Based Dev 3(2):175–192
Schoen A, Laredo P, Bellon B, Sánchez P (2007) Observatory of European University: PRIME position paper
Scott P (1995) The meanings of mass higher education. Open University Press, Buckingham
Schon DA (ed) (1987) Educating the reflective practitioner: toward a new design for teaching and learning in the professions. Jossey-Bass, San Francisco
Shattock M (2009) Entrepreneurialism and organizational change in higher education. In: Shattock M (ed) Entrepreneurialism in universities and the knowledge economy: diversification and organizational change in European higher education. McGraw-Hill Education (UK), pp 1–8
Smilor RW, Dietrich GB, Gibson DV (1993) The entrepreneurial university—the role of higher-education in the United-States in technology commercialization and economic-development. Int Soc Sci J 45(1):1–11
Tandon R (2008) Civil engagement in higher education and its role in human and social development. In: GUNI (ed) Higher education in the world 3: new challenges and emerging roles for human and social development. Palgrave Macmillan, London, pp 1–10
Tapia MN (2008) Service-learning in Latin America, past and present. In: Kielsmeier J, Nel M, Shultz N, Leeper TJ (eds) G2G. The state of service-learning. A report from the National Youth Leadership Council. NYLC, St Paul, pp 66–76
Tinto V (2006) Research and practice of student retention: what next?. J Coll Stu Ret: Res, Theory Pract, 8(1):1–19
Vaessen P, Van der Velde M (2003) University knowledge transfer through social and professional embeddedness. A case study. In: Rutten R, Boekema F, Kuijpers E (eds) Economic geography of higher education: knowledge infrastructure and learning regions. Routledge, London, pp 87–109
Zomer A, Benneworth P (2011) The rise of the university’s third mission. In reform of higher education in Europe (pp. 81–101), SensePublishers, Rotterdam
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Piazza, R. (2018). Creating Learning Opportunities for the Cities: Community Engagement and Third Mission in the University of Catania. In: James, J., Preece, J., Valdés-Cotera, R. (eds) Entrepreneurial Learning City Regions. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61130-3_14
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61130-3_14
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-61129-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-61130-3
eBook Packages: Social SciencesSocial Sciences (R0)