Abstract
In this chapter the main trends in entrepreneurial dynamics and development of entrepreneurial environment in Slovakia over the last 5 years are analyzed. Generally, entrepreneurship in Slovakia is characterized by relatively high levels of entrepreneurial activity throughout all its types and phases of the entrepreneurial process. However, the overall high activity is unevenly distributed across age groups and genders. Thus, a specific attention in this chapter is also paid to inclusivity of entrepreneurship, with the main focus on disadvantaged groups such as women, youth, and seniors. Also, entrepreneurial environment in the country, despite some favorable conditions, shows generally insufficient support of entrepreneurial activity. Moreover, societal attitudes and cultural and social norms related to entrepreneurship do not stimulate but rather inhibit individuals from engagement in entrepreneurial efforts. In the following paragraphs, we provide a closer analysis of the abovementioned trends and develop recommendations for policy makers to tackle them.
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Notes
- 1.
Independent entrepreneurial activity is measured through total early-stage entrepreneurial activity—TEA—established business ownership rate, and discontinuation rate.
- 2.
Motivational index = necessity-driven entrepreneurs/improvement-driven entrepreneurs.
- 3.
Innovation = percentage from TEA or established entrepreneurs at which these entrepreneurs introduce product or services that are new to some or all customers and that are offered by a few or no competitors.
- 4.
Internationalization = percentage of entrepreneurs who report that 25% or less of their sales come from outside their economy (reverse item).
- 5.
EEA = percentage of employees from population or total employees who in the past 3 years were actively involved in and had a leading role in either the idea development for a new activity or the preparation and implementation of a new activity in organization.
- 6.
Inclusivity index = TEA or EB within each cohort (women, youth, seniors)/TEA or EB of the overall adult population.
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Acknowledgment
This work was supported by the Slovak Research and Development Agency under the contract No. APVV-14-0647.
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Pilkova, A., Holienka, M. (2017). Entrepreneurship Development in Slovakia. In: Sauka, A., Chepurenko, A. (eds) Entrepreneurship in Transition Economies. Societies and Political Orders in Transition. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57342-7_13
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