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A Fast and Efficient 3D Beamforming Algorithm for Cognitive Radio Networks

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Cognitive Technologies

Part of the book series: Telecommunications and Information Technology ((TIT))

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Abstract

3D beamforming can be applied to avoid interference between primary and secondary users in cognitive radio networks. One of the questions that arise when designing an antenna system to perform beamforming is how to properly determine the current excitations. Multiple techniques are available in literature, but most of them make assumptions on the E-field patterns of the individual antenna elements, resulting in inaccurate beam steering results. Techniques that do not impose any assumptions are often computationally very intensive, resulting in an increased design time. This chapter presents a fast, flexible, and accurate algorithm to find the current excitations in order to shape the 3D radiation pattern of an arbitrary antenna system.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    To be mathematically more precise, the second-order partial derivatives with respect to \(\theta\) and \(\phi\) should also be constrained to be negative in order to ensure a peak [7]. However, this constraint is omitted since in most practical situations this will be satisfied.

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Acknowledgements

The CPqD LTE 450 Project was supported by FUNTTEL (Telecommunications Technology Development Fund), from the Ministry of Communications.

We thank Prof. André L. F. de Almeida, Ph.D., from the Federal University of Ceará (UFC) and Prof. Bart Smolders, Ph.D., from Eindhoven University of Technology (TU/e), who have provided technical and administrative support, which greatly assisted the research.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electrical Engineering, Electromagnetics Group Eindhoven University of Technology (TU/e), Eindhoven, Netherlands

    A. J. van den Biggelaar & A. B. Smolders

  2. CPqD Foundation, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil

    C. B. de Paula, D. C. S. e Silva & J. J. Bazzo

Authors
  1. A. J. van den Biggelaar
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  2. A. B. Smolders
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  3. C. B. de Paula
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  4. D. C. S. e Silva
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  5. J. J. Bazzo
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to A. J. van den Biggelaar .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Chief Research and Development Officer, CPqD, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil

    Alberto Paradisi

  2. CPqD, Cognitive Computing Division CPqD, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil

    Alan Godoy Souza Mello

  3. CPqD, Wireless Technologies Division CPqD, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil

    Fabrício Lira Figueiredo

  4. CPqD, Optical Technologies Division CPqD, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil

    Rafael Carvalho Figueiredo

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van den Biggelaar, A.J., Smolders, A.B., de Paula, C.B., e Silva, D.C.S., Bazzo, J.J. (2017). A Fast and Efficient 3D Beamforming Algorithm for Cognitive Radio Networks. In: Paradisi, A., Godoy Souza Mello, A., Lira Figueiredo, F., Carvalho Figueiredo, R. (eds) Cognitive Technologies. Telecommunications and Information Technology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53753-5_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53753-5_7

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-53752-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-53753-5

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

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