Skip to main content

How Can Positive Psychology Influence Public Policy and Practice?

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Positive Psychology Interventions in Practice

Abstract

Positive psychologists who decline to involve themselves in government policy issues may be similar to medical doctors who refuse to work in hospitals or clinics. Both the positive psychologist and the doctor may greatly reduce their positive effect if they avoid involvement in these institutions that widely impact the population. This chapter explains what positive psychologists bring to policy discussions: An emphasis on measurable well-being, a desire to do more than just ameliorate pathology, and a broad knowledge of psychological findings. The chapter provides examples of policy relevant findings related to: (a) measurement of well-being, (b) identification of groups with particular needs, and (c) exploration of paths to the good life. The chapter also gives warnings about ways to fail in policy engagement, such as limiting efforts to legislative lobbying, ignoring lessons from policy-engaged academics, failing to consider costs, seeking to change fundamental belief systems of opponents, ignoring unintended consequences, expressing hubris, providing imbalanced emphasis on particular types of well-being, and failing to test policies incrementally. The chapter closes by proposing a strategy for policy engagement that not only promotes, but also embodies positive psychology.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 49.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 64.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 99.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Abbreviations

SWB:

Subjective well-being

References

  • Aked, J., Marks, N., Cordon, C., & Thompson, S. (2008). Five ways to wellbeing. New Economics Foundation. Retrieved from http://www.neweconomics.org/publications/entry/five-ways-to-well-being-the-evidence

  • Bardach, E. (2012). A practical guide for policy analysis (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boettcher, J., Astrom, V., Pahlsson, D., Schenstrom, O., Andersson, G., & Carlbring, P. (2014). Internet-based mindfulness treatment for anxiety disorders: A randomized controlled trial. Behavior Therapy, 45(2), 241–253.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bogenschneider, K., & Corbett, T. J. (2010). Evidence-based policymaking: Insights from policy-minded researchers and research-minded policymakers. New York: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bolier, L., Majo, C., Smit, F., Westerhof, G. J., Haverman, M., Walburg, J. A., Riper, H., & Bohlmeijer, E. (2014). Cost-effectiveness of online positive psychology: Randomized controlled trial. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 9(5), 460–471.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bushman, B. J., & Anderson, C. A. (2001). Media violence and the American public: Scientific facts versus media misinformation. American Psychologist, 56(6/7), 477–489.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cartwright, N., & Hardie, J. (2012). Evidence-based policy: A practical guide to doing it better. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Coles, R. (1994). The call of service. New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.

    Google Scholar 

  • Conway III, L. G., & Schaller, M. (2005). When authority’s commands backfire: Attributions about consensus and effects on deviant decision making. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89(3), 311–326.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Conway III, L. G., Clements, S. M., & Tweed, R. G. (2006). Collectivism and governmentally initiated restrictions: A cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis across nations and within a nation. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 37(1), 1–23.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Daley, A. (2008). Exercise and depression: A review of reviews. Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings, 15(2), 140–147.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Diener, E., & Diener, C. (2011). Monitoring psychosocial prosperity for social change. In R. Biswas-Diener (Ed.), Positive psychology as social change (pp. 53–72). Dordrecht: Springer.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Diener, E., Lucas, R., Schimmak, U., & Helliwell, J. (2009). Well-being for public policy. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Diener, E., Tay, L., & Oishi, S. (2013). Rising income and the subjective well-being of nations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 104(2), 267–276.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fisher, R., Ury, W., & Patton, B. (2011). Getting to yes: Negotiating agreement without giving in. New York: Penguin Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Frey, B. S. (2011). Tullock challenges: Happiness, revolutions, and democracy. Public Choice, 148(3/4), 269–281.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gable, S. L., & Haidt, J. (2005). What (and why) is positive psychology? Review of General Psychology, 9(2), 103–110.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Harari, Y. (2015). Sapiens: A brief history of humankind. New York: HarperCollins.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hone, L. C., Jarden, A., Schofield, G. M., & Duncan, S. (2014). Measuring flourishing: The impact of operational definitions on the prevalence of high levels of wellbeing. International Journal of Wellbeing, 4(1) Retrieved from http://internationaljournalofwellbeing.org/ijow/index.php/ijow/article/view/286.

  • Kasser, T. (2004). The good life or the goods life? Positive psychology and personal well-being in the culture of consumption. In P. A. Linley & S. Joseph (Eds.), Positive psychology in practice (pp. 55–67). Hoboken: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kasser, T., & Ryan, R. M. (1993). A dark side of the American dream: Correlates of financial success as a central life aspiration. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65(2), 410–422.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kasser, T., & Ryan, R. M. (1996). Further examining the American dream: Differential correlates of intrinsic and extrinsic goals. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 22(3), 280–287.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Knowles, E. S., & Linn, J. A. (2004). The importance of resistance to persuasion. In E. S. Knowles & J. A. Linn (Eds.), Resistance and persuasion (pp. 3–9). Mahwah: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lin, W. F., Chen, L. H., & Li, T. (2013). Adult children’s caregiver burden and depression: The moderating roles of parent-child relationship satisfaction and feedback from others. Journal of Happiness Studies, 14(2), 673–687. doi:10.1007/s10902-012-9348-0.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Manski, C. F. (2013). Public policy in an uncertain world: Analysis and decisions. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marks, N. (2011). The happiness manifesto: How nations and people can nurture well-being. New York: TED Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mulgan, G. (2013). Well-being and public policy. In S. A. David, I. Boniwell, & A. C. Ayers (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of happiness (pp. 517–532). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mutrie, N., & Faulkner, G. (2004). Physical activity. In P. A. Linley & S. Joseph (Eds.), Positive psychology in practice (pp. 146–164). Hoboken: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Proctor, C., Tsukayama, E., Wood, A. M., Maltby, J., Fox Eades, J. M., & Linley, P. A. (2011). Strengths Gym: The impact of a character strengths-based intervention on the life satisfaction and well-being of adolescents. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 6(5), 377–388. doi:10.1080/17439760.2011.594079.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Proctor, C., Tweed, R., & Morris, D. (2015). The naturally emerging structure of well-being among young adults: “Big Two” or other framework? Journal of Happiness Studies, 16(1), 257–275.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Quinlan, D. M., Swain, N., Cameron, C., & Vella-Brodrick, D. A. (2015). How ‘other people matter’ in a classroom-based strengths intervention: Exploring interpersonal strategies and classroom outcomes. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 10(1), 77–89.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sanders, M. R., Kirby, J. N., Tellegen, C. L., & Day, J. J. (2014). The Triple P-Positive Parenting Program: A systematic review and meta-analysis of a multi-level system of parenting support. Clinical Psychology Review, 34(4), 337–357. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2014.04.003.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schueller, S. M. (2009). Promoting wellness: Integrating community and positive psychology. Journal of Community Psychology, 37(7), 922–937. doi:10.1002/jcop.20334.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schwartz, C. E., & Sendor, R. M. (1999). Helping others helps oneself: Response shift effects in peer support. Social Science and Medicine, 48(11), 1563–1575.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Seligman, M. E. P., Steen, T. A., Park, N., & Peterson, C. (2005). Positive psychology progress: Empirical validation of interventions. American Psychologist, 60(5), 410–421.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Seligman, M. E. P., Reivich, K., Jaycox, L., & Gillham, J. (2007). The optimistic child. New York: Houghton Mifflin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sherman, S. (2011). Changing the world: The science of transformative action. In R. Biswas-Diener (Ed.), Positive psychology as social change (pp. 329–345). London: Springer.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Slovic, P. (2007). “If I look at the mass I will never act”: Psychic numbing and genocide. Judgment and Decision Making, 2(2), 79–95.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tweed, R. G., Biswas-Diener, R., & Lehman, D. R. (2012). Self-perceived strengths among people who are homeless. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 7(6), 481–492.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • United States., & Library of Congress. (1961). Inaugural addresses of the Presidents of the United States from George Washington, 1789, to John F. Kennedy, 1961. Washington: United States Government Printing Office.

    Google Scholar 

  • Veenhoven, R. (2015). Happiness as a priority in public policy. In S. Josephs (Ed.), Positive psychology in practice (2nd ed., pp. 731–750). Hoboken: Wiley.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Washington State Institute for Public Policy. (2014a). Benefit-cost results. Olympia: Author.

    Google Scholar 

  • Washington State Institute for Public Policy. (2014b). Benefit-cost technical documentation. Olympia: Author.

    Google Scholar 

  • Welsh, B. C., Sullivan, C. J., & Olds, D. L. (2010). When early crime prevention goes to scale: A new look at the evidence. Prevention Science, 11(2), 115–125. doi:10.1007/s11121-009-0159-4.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Roger G. Tweed .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Tweed, R.G., Mah, E., Dobrin, M., Van Poele, R., Conway, L.G. (2017). How Can Positive Psychology Influence Public Policy and Practice?. In: Proctor, C. (eds) Positive Psychology Interventions in Practice. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51787-2_15

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics