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Cellular Damage

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Photodynamic Therapy in Veterinary Medicine: From Basics to Clinical Practice

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Abstract

Classical pharmacology is normally concerned with defined molecular structures that can bind to specific proteins and either inhibit or enhance the protein function to achieve some biological response with therapeutic benefit. In photodynamic therapy (PDT) context, we rarely rely on such target specificity to achieve therapeutic success. Although some recent photosensitizers have been functionalized with target-specific molecules, such as antibodies, to recognize specific cells and enhance therapy specificity, ROS produced inside the cell will damage all susceptible molecules within the diffusion radius. According to the previous chapter, both hydroxyl radicals and singlet oxygen are highly reactive toward most of the abundant biological molecules contained in cells. In this chapter we discuss how such capacity of PDT to provoke multiple sites of molecular damages in the cellular context is associated with the phototoxicity produced. Also, we discuss how cellular antioxidant and xenobiotic defenses can influence on cellular tolerance against photodynamic inactivation.

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Acknowledgments

Mr. Hamblin was supported by the US NIH Grant R01AI050875.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Lineu Prestes 1347, Cidade Universitária, Sao Paulo, 05508-000, SP, Brazil

    Caetano Padial Sabino

  2. Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil

    Caetano Padial Sabino

  3. Center for Lasers and Applications, Nuclear and Energy Research Institute, National Commission for Nuclear Energy, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil

    Caetano Padial Sabino

  4. Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 50 Blossom Street, Bartlett Hall, Room 414, Boston, MA, USA

    Michael Richard Hamblin

  5. Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    Michael Richard Hamblin

  6. Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA

    Michael Richard Hamblin

Authors
  1. Caetano Padial Sabino
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Caetano Padial Sabino .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of São Paulo, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Butantã, São Paulo, Brazil

    Fábio Parra Sellera

  2. Santos Aquarium, Veterinary Unit of Santos Aquarium, Ponta da Praia, Santos, São Paulo, Brazil

    Cristiane Lassálvia Nascimento

  3. IPEN-CNEN/SP, Center for Lasers and Applications, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

    Martha Simões Ribeiro

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© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

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Sabino, C.P., Hamblin, M.R. (2016). Cellular Damage. In: Sellera, F., Nascimento, C., Ribeiro, M. (eds) Photodynamic Therapy in Veterinary Medicine: From Basics to Clinical Practice. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45007-0_5

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