Abstract
This chapter reports on a comparative project comparing the evolution of the Oxfordshire high-tech economy with a newer and much smaller high-tech region, the Centro of Portugal. Previous research on Oxfordshire has been mainly qualitative. This new study using quantitative data allows insights into what makes regions distinctive, how the performance of regions with some similar and some different attributes differ, and what might contribute to or inhibit their potential growth trajectories. The conceptual framework for the study is drawn from the ‘regional triple-helix spaces’ (The triple helix: University–industry–government innovation in action. Engineering, Routledge, p. 164, 2008) and the regional innovation systems concept (Environ Plan A 30:1563–1584, 1998). The two regions compared are very different in stages of development. The nature of entrepreneurship and innovation in the two regions is explored as well is responses to the growth of that activity by the local triple-helix actors.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Agrawal, A., & Cockburn, I. (2003). The anchor tenant hypothesis: Exploring the role of large, local, R&D-intensive firms in regional innovation systems. International Journal of Industrial Organization, 21, 1227–1253.
Amorós, J. E., Fernández, C., & Tapia, J. (2011). Quantifying the relationship between entrepreneurship and competitiveness development stages in Latin America. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 8(3), 249–270.
Asheim, B. T., & Coenen, L. (2005). Knowledge bases and regional innovation systems: Comparing Nordic clusters. Research Policy, 34(8), 1173–1190.
Asheim, B. T., Lawton Smith, H., & Oughton, C. (2011). Regional innovation systems: Theory, empirics and policy. Regional Studies, 45(7), 875–891.
Audretsch, D. B., & Belitski, M. (2013). The missing pillar: The creativity theory of knowledge spillover entrepreneurship. Small Business Economics, 4, 819–836.
Berger, T., & Bristow, G. (2009). Competitiveness and the benchmarking of nations—A critical reflection. International Advances in Economic Research, 15(4), 378–392.
Berkes, F., & Ross, H. (2013). Community resilience: Toward an integrated approach. Society & Natural Resources, 26(1), 5–20.
Buesa, M., Heijs, J., & Baumert, T. (2010). The determinants of regional innovation in Europe: A combined factorial and regression knowledge production function approach. Research Policy, 39(6), 722–735.
Carayannis, E. G., Barth, T. D., & Campbell, D. F. (2012). The Quintuple Helix innovation model: Global warming as a challenge and driver for innovation. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 1, 2. doi:10.1186/2192-5372-1-2.
CCDRC. (2014a). Barómetro Centro de Portugal (p. 62). Coimbra. Retrieved from www.ccdrc.pt.
CCDRC. (2014b). CRER 2020—Centro de Portugal: Plano de Ação Regional 2014-2020 (vol. 2013, p. 118). Retrieved from www.ccdrc.pt.
CCDRC. (2014c). Datacentro. Retrieved April 30, 2014, from http://datacentro.ccdrc.pt/.
CCDRC. (2014d). RIS3 do Centro de Portugal Estratégia de Investigação e Inovação para uma Especialização Inteligente (pp. 1–95). Coimbra.
Colapinto, C., & Porlezza, C. (2011). Innovation in creative industries: From the quadruple helix model to the systems theory. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 3(4), 343–353.
Compete. (2009a). Cooperar para melhor Competir Pólos de Competitividade e Tecnologia & Outros Clusters (pp. 1–43). Lisboa. http://www.pofc.qren.pt/ResourcesUser/Centro Informacao/Biblioteca/Publicacoes/BrochuraPCT.pdf.
Compete. (2009b). Estratégias de Eficiência Coletiva: Tipologia Clusters. Retrieved March 25, 2014, from http://www.maiscentro.qren.pt/private/admin/ficheiros/uploads/EEC-Clusters_enquad.sectorial e territorial.pdf.
Cooke, P. (1992). Regional innovation systems: Competitive regulation in the new Europe. Geoforum, 23(3), 365–382.
Cooke, P. (2005). Regionally asymmetric knowledge capabilities and open innovation: Exploring globalization 2?—A new model of industry organisation. Research Policy, 34(8), 1128–1149.
Cooke, P., Uranga, M. G., & Etxebarria, G. (1998). Regional systems of innovation: An evolutionary perspective. Environment and Planning A, 30, 1563–1584.
Costa, M., Coimbra, U. De, Madeira, H., & Gonçalves, M. (2012). Contributos da inovação para o desenvolvimento local e regional: Programa estratégico INOVC. In 14 Workshop APDR|Empreendedorismo e desenvolvimento regional (pp. 374–381).
Cunha, J., Alves, J., Carvalho, L., Correia, F., Farinha, L., Fernandes, J., et al. (2013). The socio-economic impact of a polytechnic institution in a local economy : Some insights of field research. In EAIR 35th Annual Forum in Rotterdam, the Netherlands (pp. 1–14). Rotterdam.
Governo de Portugal. (2014). Acordo de parceria 2014–2020: Portugal 2020 (pp. 1–29). Lisboa. Retrieved from www.ccdrc.pt.
DGES. (2014). DGES—Directorate General of Higher Education in Portugal. Retrieved April 30, 2014, from http://www.dges.mctes.pt/DGES/pt.
Etzkowitz, H. (2003). Innovation in innovation: The triple helix of university-industry-government relations. Social Science Information, 42(3), 293–337.
Etzkowitz, H. (2008). The triple helix: University–industry–government innovation in action. Engineering (1st ed, p. 164). Oxon: Routledge.
Etzkowitz, H., & Klofsten, M. (2005). The innovating region: Toward a theory of knowledge-based regional development. R and D Management, 35(3), 243–255.
Etzkowitz, H., & Leydesdorff, L. (1995). The triple helix—university–industry–government relations: A laboratory for knowledge based economic development. EASST Review, 14(1), 14–19.
Etzkowitz, H., Webster, A., Gebhardt, C., & Terra, B. R. C. (2000). The future of the university and the university of the future: Evolution of ivory tower to entrepreneurial paradigm. Research Policy, 29(2), 313–330.
EU. (2013). European Entrepreneurial Region (EER). Retrieved June 21, 2013, from http://cor.europa.eu/en/takepart/eer/Pages/eer.aspx.
European Commission. (2012). Regional innovation scoreboard 2012 (pp. 1–76).
European Commission. (2014). Taking stock of the Europe 2020 strategy for smart, sustainable and inclusive growth (pp. 1–21). Brussels. Retrieved from http://ec.europa.eu/europe2020/index_en.htm.
Faggian, A., McCann, P., & Sheppard, S. (2009). Higher education, graduate migration, and regional dynamism in Great Britain. In A. Varga (Ed.), Universities, knowledge transfer and regional development (pp. 267–294). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
Feldman, M. P. (2003). The locational dynamics of the US biotech industry: Knowledge externalities and the anchor hypothesis. Industry and Innovation, 10(3), 311–328.
Feldman, M., & Francis, J. L. (2006). Entrepreneurs as agents in the formation of industrial clusters. In B. Asheim, P. Cooke, & R. Martin (Eds.), Clusters and regional development. Abingdon: Routledge. Chapter 6.
Figueira, J., Coimbra, U., De Gonçalves, M., & Costa, M. (2012a). Programa estratégico inovC—o ecossistema de inovação da região centro. In 14o Workshop APDR: Empreendedorismo e desenvolvimento regional (pp. 114–122). Setúbal: APDR.
Figueira, J., Coimbra, U., De Gonçalves, M., & Costa, M. (2012b). Sistema de bolsas de ignição inov c. In: 14.o Workshop APDR: Empreendedorismo e desenvolvimento regional (pp. 382–390).
Garnsey, E. (1998). The genesis of the high technology milieu: A study in complexity. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 22, 361–377.
Garnsey, E., & Smith, H. L. (1998). Proximity and complexity in the emergence of high technology industry: The Oxbridge comparison. Geoforum, 29(4), 433–450.
Glasson, J., Chadwick, A., & Lawton Smith, H. (2006). Defining, explaining and managing high tech growth: The case of Oxfordshire. European Planning Studies, 14(4), 503–524.
Ho, V. T., & Pollack, J. M. (2014). Passion isn’t always a good thing: Examining entrepreneurs’ network centrality and financial performance with a dualistic model of passion. Journal of Management Studies, 51(3), 433–459.
INOVC. (2014). InovC Ecosystem. Retrieved April 30, 2014, from http://inov-c.uc.pt/.
Kautonen, M. (2012). Balancing competitiveness and cohesion in regional innovation policy: The case of Finland. European Planning Studies, 20(1), 1925–1943.
Kravchenko, N. A., Bobylev, G. V., Valieva, O. V., & Fedorov, A. A. (2013). Competitiveness on the basis of innovation: The international position of Russia. Studies on Russian Economic Development, 24(5), 461–469.
Lawton Smith, H. (1990) The location and development of advanced technology in Oxfordshire in the context of the research environment. Unpublished D. Phil Thesis, University of Oxford.
Lawton Smith, H., & Bagchi-Sen, S. (2010). Triple helix and regional development: A perspective from Oxfordshire in the UK. Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, 22(7), 805–818.
Lawton Smith, H., & Bagchi-Sen, S. (2012). The research university, entrepreneurship and regional development: Research propositions and current evidence. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, 24(5–6), 383–404.
Lawton Smith, H., Glasson, J., Romeo, S., Waters, R., & Chadwick, A. (2013). Entrepreneurial regions: Evidence from Oxfordshire and Cambridgeshire. Social Science Information, 52(4), 653–673.
Lawton Smith, H., & Romeo, S. (2012). Entrepreneurship and innovation: Oxfordshire’s high-tech economy–firm survival, growth and innovation. In C. Karlsson, B. Johansson, & R. Stough (Eds.), Entrepreneurship, social capital and governance (pp. 27–52). Chelthenham: Edward Elgar.
Leydesdorff, L. (2000). The triple helix : An evolutionary model of innovations. Science.
Leydesdorff, L. (2011). The triple helix, quadruple helix, …, an N-tuple of helices: Explanatory models for analyzing the knowledge-based economy? Journal of the Knowledge Economy. doi:10.1007/s13132-011-0049-4.
Marques, J. P. C., Caraça, J. M. G., & Diz, H. (2006). How can university–industry–government interactions change the innovation scenario in Portugal?—The case of the University of Coimbra. Technovation, 26, 534–542.
OBN. (2011). OBN BioCluster Report 2011: Transition. Retrieved August 30, 2011, from http://www.obn.org.uk/obn_/menu.php?p=topic.tem&rn=LIETL2YWAJ9740.
OEO. (2014). Recent changes in the Oxfordshire knowledge economy. Retrieved April 22, 2014, from http://oeo.geog.ox.ac.uk/.
Oxford University and Science Oxford. (2013). The Oxfordshire innovation engine: Realising the growth potential. Cambridge: SQW.
Oxfordshire LEP. (2014). Strategic economic plan (pp. 1–168). Oxford. Retrieved from www.oxfordshire.gov.uk.
Oxfordshire County Council. (2012a). Oxfordshire economic assessement: Part one—summary issues and findings. Oxfordshire County Council. Retrieved April 30, 2014, from www.oxfordshire.gov.uk.
Oxfordshire County Council. (2012b). Oxfordshire economic assessment: Part two—update of evidence. Oxfordshire County Council. Retrieved April 30, 2014, from www.oxfordshire.gov.uk
Puissant, S., & Lacour, C. (2011). Mid-sized French cities and their niche competitiveness. Cities, 28(5), 433–443.
Segal Quince. (1985) The Cambridge Phenomenon Cambridge: Segal Quince and Partners.
Sleuwaegen, L., & Boiardi, P. (2014). Creativity and regional innovation: Evidence from EU regions. Research Policy. doi:10.1016/j.respol.2014.03.014.
Tecparques. (2008). Parques tecnológicos (pp. 1–46).
Times Higher Education. (2014). Times Higher Education World University Rankings. Retrieved April 30, 2014, from http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/world-university-rankings/2013-14/world-ranking.
Ženka, J., Novotný, J., & Csank, P. (2012). Regional competitiveness in central European countries: In search of a useful conceptual framework. European Planning Studies, 22(1), 164–183. doi:10.1080/09654313.2012.731042.
Acknowledgements
We thank the Oxfordshire Data Observatory for their excellent collaboration and immediate data availability. A strong appreciation to Dr. Alexandra Rodrigues, Director of Services of the Regional Development on CCDRC—Commission for Coordination and Regional Development of Centro, for the kindness for having received us and shared information. A very special word of thanks to Mr. Jorge Figueira, Head of the Technology Transfer Office at the University of Coimbra, for his excellent framing of INOVC—regional innovation ecosystem.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Farinha, L., Ferreira, J.J., Smith, H.L., Romeo, S. (2017). Geographies of Growth: Comparing Oxfordshire, a Core High-Tech Region in the UK, with an Emerging High-Tech Region—The Centro of Portugal. In: Peris-Ortiz, M., Ferreira, J. (eds) Cooperative and Networking Strategies in Small Business. Innovation, Technology, and Knowledge Management. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-44509-0_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-44509-0_8
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-44508-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-44509-0
eBook Packages: Business and ManagementBusiness and Management (R0)