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Development of Operando Transmission Electron Microscopy

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Operando Research in Heterogeneous Catalysis

Part of the book series: Springer Series in Chemical Physics ((CHEMICAL,volume 114))

Abstract

Traditional (high-resolution) Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) is limited to high vacuum environments due to interaction of the electron beam with gases, leading to noise and decreasing the resolution. This means only static materials can be studied, far away from realistic reaction conditions in gas atmosphere and at elevated temperatures. This chapter describes the development of equipment for operando TEM and the first studies of real in situ catalyst preparation and catalysis.

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Acknowledgements

This chapter would not have been written without the practical and conceptual work performed by and in collaboration with Henny W. Zandbergen, J. Fredrik Creemer, Joost W.M. Frenken, Gert-Jan van Baarle, G. Marien Bremmer, Peter A. Crozier, Pleun Dona, Christian Elkjær, Stig Helveg, Stephan Janbroers, Luigi Mele, Bruno Morana, Bart J. Nelissen, (Pita) I. Puspitasari, Sander B. Roobol, Richard van Rijn, Søren B. Vendelbo, and Sven Ullmann. The work on the nanoreactor system was performed in the framework of NIMIC (Nano IMaging under Industrial Conditions), a SmartMix project of the Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs [26].

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Chem Eng, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, 7700, Rondebosch, South Africa

    Patricia Jane Kooyman

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  1. Patricia Jane Kooyman
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Correspondence to Patricia Jane Kooyman .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Huygens–Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands and Advanced Research Center for Nanolithography, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Joost Frenken

  2. Huygens–Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands and Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands

    Irene Groot

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Kooyman, P.J. (2017). Development of Operando Transmission Electron Microscopy. In: Frenken, J., Groot, I. (eds) Operando Research in Heterogeneous Catalysis. Springer Series in Chemical Physics, vol 114. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-44439-0_5

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