Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Carriage and Transmission of Kingella kingae

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Advances in Understanding Kingella kingae

Part of the book series: SpringerBriefs in Immunology ((BRIEFSIMMUN))

  • 251 Accesses

Abstract

Kingella kingae is a commensal organism in the human oropharynx and can be readily collected from the tonsillar surfaces of colonized children for isolation on selective media or detection using PCR-based approaches. Studies of K. kingae carriage have found colonization rates of 3–12 %, with the highest rates in children 6–29 months of age. Children can be colonized multiple times during early life, generally with different strains. Current evidence supports the conclusion that colonization is a prerequisite for the development of invasive disease. While the mechanism of transmission has not been investigated, multiple studies have reported colonization by genotypically identical strains in close contacts such as daycare facility classmates and siblings, suggesting direct person-to-person transmission of the organism. Daycare facility attendance itself has been identified as a risk factor for K. kingae colonization and for outbreaks of K. kingae invasive disease.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Yagupsky P, Greenberg D (2012) Kingella species. In: Long S (ed) Principles and Practice of Pediatric Infectious Diseases. 4th edn. Elsevier Inc., Edinburgh

    Google Scholar 

  2. Yagupsky P, Dagan R, Prajgrod F, Merires M (1995) Respiratory carriage of Kingella kingae among healthy children. Pediatr Infect Dis J 14(8):673–678

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Amit U, Flaishmakher S, Dagan R, Porat N, Yagupsky P (2014) Age-dependent carriage of Kingella kingae in young children and turnover of colonizing strains. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc 3(2):160–162. doi:10.1093/jpids/pit003

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Yagupsky P, Peled N, Katz O (2002) Epidemiological features of invasive Kingella kingae infections and respiratory carriage of the organism. J Clin Microbiol 40(11):4180–4184

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  5. Amit U, Dagan R, Yagupsky P (2013) Prevalence of pharyngeal carriage of Kingella kingae in young children and risk factors for colonization. Pediatr Infect Dis J 32(2):191–193. doi:10.1097/INF.0b013e3182755779

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Slonim A, Steiner M, Yagupsky P (2003) Immune response to invasive Kingella kingae infections, age-related incidence of disease, and levels of antibody to outer-membrane proteins. Clin Infect Dis 37(4):521–527. doi:10.1086/376913

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Anderson de la Llana R, Dubois-Ferriere V, Maggio A, Cherkaoui A, Manzano S, Renzi G, Hibbs J, Schrenzel J, Ceroni D (2015) Oropharyngeal Kingella kingae carriage in children: characteristics and correlation with osteoarticular infections. Pediatr Res 78(5):574–579. doi:10.1038/pr.2015.133

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Slonim A, Walker ES, Mishori E, Porat N, Dagan R, Yagupsky P (1998) Person-to-person transmission of Kingella kingae among day care center attendees. J Infect Dis 178(6):1843–1846

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Ceroni D, Dubois-Ferriere V, Cherkaoui A, Gesuele R, Combescure C, Lamah L, Manzano S, Hibbs J, Schrenzel J (2013) Detection of Kingella kingae osteoarticular infections in children by oropharyngeal swab PCR. Pediatrics 131(1):e230–e235. doi:10.1542/peds.2012-0810

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Ceroni D, Dubois-Ferriere V, Anderson R, Combescure C, Lamah L, Cherkaoui A, Schrenzel J (2012) Small risk of osteoarticular infections in children with asymptomatic oropharyngeal carriage of Kingella kingae. Pediatr Infect Dis J 31(9):983–985. doi:10.1097/INF.0b013e31825d3419

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Ceroni D, Llana RA, Kherad O, Dubois-Ferriere V, Lascombes P, Renzi G, Lamah L, Manzano S, Cherkaoui A, Schrenzel J (2013) Comparing the oropharyngeal colonization density of Kingella kingae between asymptomatic carriers and children with invasive osteoarticular infections. Pediatr Infect Dis J 32(4):412–414. doi:10.1097/INF.0b013e3182846e8f

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Ceroni D, Dubois-Ferriere V, Della Llana RA, Kherad O, Lascombes P, Renzi G, Manzano S, Cherkaoui A, Schrenzel J (2013) Oropharyngeal colonization density of Kingella kingae. Pediatr Infect Dis J 7, 32:803–804 (United States). doi:10.1097/INF.0b013e31828ac051

    Google Scholar 

  13. Amit U, Porat N, Basmaci R, Bidet P, Bonacorsi S, Dagan R, Yagupsky P (2012) Genotyping of invasive Kingella kingae isolates reveals predominant clones and association with specific clinical syndromes. Clin Infect Dis 55(8):1074–1079. doi:10.1093/cid/cis622

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Yagupsky P, Slonim A, Amit U, Porat N, Dagan R (2013) Beta-lactamase production by Kingella kingae in Israel is clonal and common in carriage organisms but rare among invasive strains. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 32(8):1049–1053. doi:10.1007/s10096-013-1849-1

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. El Houmami N, Minodier P, Dubourg G, Martin-Laval A, Lafont E, Jouve JL, Charrel R, Raoult D, Fournier PE (2015) An outbreak of Kingella kingae infections associated with hand, foot and mouth disease/herpangina virus outbreak in Marseille, France. Pediatr Infect Dis J 34(3):246–250. doi:10.1097/INF.0000000000000572

    Google Scholar 

  16. Bidet P, Collin E, Basmaci R, Courroux C, Prisse V, Dufour V, Bingen E, Grimprel E, Bonacorsi S (2013) Investigation of an outbreak of osteoarticular infections caused by Kingella kingae in a childcare center using molecular techniques. Pediatr Infect Dis J 32(5):558–560. doi:10.1097/INF.0b013e3182867f5e

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Kiang KM, Ogunmodede F, Juni BA, Boxrud DJ, Glennen A, Bartkus JM, Cebelinski EA, Harriman K, Koop S, Faville R, Danila R, Lynfield R (2005) Outbreak of osteomyelitis/septic arthritis caused by Kingella kingae among child care center attendees. Pediatrics 116(2):e206–e213. doi:10.1542/peds.2004-2051

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Kampouroglou G, Dubois-Ferriere V, De La Llana RA, Renzi G, Manzano S, Cherkaoui A, Schrenzel J, Ceroni D (2014) A prospective study of intrafamilial oropharyngeal transmission of Kingella kingae. Pediatr Infect Dis J 33(4):410–411. doi:10.1097/INF.0000000000000104

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Yagupsky P, Weiss-Salz I, Fluss R, Freedman L, Peled N, Trefler R, Porat N, Dagan R (2009) Dissemination of Kingella kingae in the community and long-term persistence of invasive clones. Pediatr Infect Dis J 28(8):707–710. doi:10.1097/INF.0b013e31819f1f36

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Sena AC, Seed P, Nicholson B, Joyce M, Cunningham CK (2010) Kingella kingae endocarditis and a cluster investigation among daycare attendees. Pediatr Infect Dis J 29(1):86–88. doi:10.1097/INF.0b013e3181b48cc3

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Yagupsky P, Erlich Y, Ariela S, Trefler R, Porat N (2006) Outbreak of Kingella kingae skeletal system infections in children in daycare. Pediatr Infect Dis J 25(6):526–532. doi:10.1097/01.inf.0000215243.42501.4f

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. El Houmami N, Minodier P, Dubourg G, Mirand A, Jouve JL, Basmaci R, Charrel R, Bonacorsi S, Yagupsky P, Raoult D, Fournier PE (2015) Patterns of Kingella kingae disease outbreaks. Pediatr Infect Dis J. doi:10.1097/INF.0000000000001010

    Google Scholar 

  23. Yagupsky P (2012) Risk for invasive Kingella kingae infections and day-care facility attendance. Pediatr Infect Dis J 31(10):1101. doi:10.1097/INF.0b013e31825fb703

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Yagupsky P (2014) Outbreaks of Kingella kingae infections in daycare facilities. Emerg Infect Dis 20(5):746–753. doi:10.3201/eid2005.131633

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  25. Yagupsky P, Ben-Ami Y, Trefler R, Porat N (2016) Outbreaks of invasive Kingella kingae infections in closed communities. J Pediatr 169(135–139):e131. doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2015.10.025

    Google Scholar 

  26. Vesa S, Kleemola M, Blomqvist S, Takala A, Kilpi T, Hovi T (2001) Epidemiology of documented viral respiratory infections and acute otitis media in a cohort of children followed from two to twenty-four months of age. Pediatr Infect Dis J 20(6):574–581

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, 3615 Civic Center Blvd, ARC Lab 1205D, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA

    Eric A. Porsch

  2. Division of Infectious Diseases, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, 3535 Market Street, Suite 1409, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA

    Kevin J. Downes

Authors
  1. Eric A. Porsch
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Kevin J. Downes
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Eric A. Porsch .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Physician-in-Chief, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

    Joseph W. St. Geme, III

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 The Author(s)

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Porsch, E.A., Downes, K.J. (2016). Carriage and Transmission of Kingella kingae . In: St. Geme, III, J. (eds) Advances in Understanding Kingella kingae. SpringerBriefs in Immunology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43729-3_4

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation