Skip to main content

Follow Flee: A Contingent Mobility Strategy for the Spatial Prisoner’s Dilemma

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
From Animals to Animats 14 (SAB 2016)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNAI,volume 9825))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

This paper presents results from a series of experimental simulations comparing the performances of mobile strategies of agents participating in the Spatial Prisoner’s Dilemma game. The contingent movement strategies Walk Away and Follow Flee are evaluated and compared in terms of (1) their ability to promote the evolution of cooperation, and (2) their susceptibility to changes in the environmental and evolutionary settings. Results show that the Follow Flee strategy outperforms the Walk Away strategy across a broad range of environment parameter values, and exhibits the ability to invade the rival strategy. We propose that the Follow Flee movement strategy is successful due to its ability to pro-actively generate and maintain mutually cooperative relationships.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Aktipis, C.A.: Know when to walk away: contingent movement and the evolution of cooperation. J. Theor. Biol. 231(2), 249–260 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Antonioni, A., Tomassini, M., Buesser, P.: Random diffusion and cooperation in continuous two-dimensional space. J. Theor. Biol. 344, 40–48 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Axelrod, R.M.: The Evolution of Cooperation. Basic Books, New York (1984)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  4. Buesser, P., Tomassini, M., Antonioni, A.: Opportunistic migration in spatial evolutionary games. Phys. Rev. E Stat. Nonlin. Soft Matter Phys. 88(4), 042806 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Enquist, M., Leimar, O.: The evolution of cooperation in mobile organisms. Anim. Behav. 45(4), 747–757 (1993)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Gibbons, M., O’Riordan, C.: Evolution of coordinated behaviour in artificial life simulations. In: Proceedings of the Theory and Practice in Modern Computing, TPMC (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Hamilton, I.M., Taborsky, M.: Contingent movement and cooperation evolve under generalized reciprocity. Proc. Biol. Sci. R. Soc. 272(1578), 2259–2267 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Helbing, D., Yu, W.: Migration as a mechanism to promote cooperation. Adv. Complex Syst. 11(4), 641–652 (2008)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  9. Helbing, D., Yu, W.: The outbreak of cooperation among success-driven individuals under noisy conditions. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 106(10), 3680–3685 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Joyce, D., Kennison, J., Densmore, O., Guerin, S., Barr, S., Charles, E., Thompson, N.S.: My way or the highway: a more naturalistic model of altruism tested in an iterative prisoners’ dilemma. J. Artif. Soc. Soc. Simul. 9(2), 4 (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Maynard Smith, J.: Evolution and the Theory of Games. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1982)

    Book  MATH  Google Scholar 

  12. Meloni, S., Buscarino, A., Fortuna, L., Frasca, M., Gómez-Gardeñes, J., Latora, V., Moreno, Y.: Effects of mobility in a population of prisoner’s dilemma players. Phys. Rev. E Stat. Nonlin. Soft Matter Phys. 79(6), 3–6 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Nowak, M., Sigmund, K., et al.: A strategy of win-stay, lose-shift that outperforms tit-for-tat in the prisoner’s dilemma game. Nature 364(6432), 56–58 (1993)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Nowak, M.A.: Five rules for the evolution of cooperation. Science 314(5805), 1560–3 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Nowak, M.A., May, R.M.: Evolutionary games and spatial chaos. Nature 359(6398), 826–829 (1992)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Sicardi, E.A., Fort, H., Vainstein, M.H., Arenzon, J.J.: Random mobility and spatial structure often enhance cooperation. J. Theor. Biol. 256(2), 240–246 (2009)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  17. Vainstein, M.H., Arenzon, J.J.: Spatial social dilemmas: dilution, mobility and grouping effects with imitation dynamics. Physica A Stat. Mech. Appl. 394, 145–157 (2014)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  18. Vainstein, M.H., Silva, A.T.C., Arenzon, J.J.: Does mobility decrease cooperation? J. Theor. Biol. 244(4), 722–728 (2007)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  19. Yang, H.X., Wu, Z.X., Wang, B.H.: Role of aspiration-induced migration in cooperation. Physic. Rev. E Stat. Nonlin. Soft Matter Phys. 81(6), 1–4 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This work is funded by the Hardiman Research Scholarship, NUI Galway.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Colm O’Riordan .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this paper

Cite this paper

Gibbons, M.D., O’Riordan, C., Griffith, J. (2016). Follow Flee: A Contingent Mobility Strategy for the Spatial Prisoner’s Dilemma. In: Tuci, E., Giagkos, A., Wilson, M., Hallam, J. (eds) From Animals to Animats 14. SAB 2016. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 9825. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43488-9_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43488-9_4

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-43487-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-43488-9

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics