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Neuroscience, Science of Nature and Social Sciences

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Abstract

This chapter aims to introduce the reader to the study of Neurosciences, after the great revolution led by Dilthey in the last two decades. The term itself has multiple definitions, because of the different disciplines included within, bounded together by an interdisciplinary approach. All these scientific discoveries have caused not only unrest in the religious, political and social environments, but they have also created a new and rich positive approach to some disciplines that were slowly withdrawing in themselves.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Dilthey (1991).

  2. 2.

    For an exciting but agile history of neuroscience, Piccolino (2008), Horstan (2010), and Andreasen (2010).

  3. 3.

    For a deep insights, Kandel et al. (2013), Gazzaniga et al. (2013), Ramachandran (2003), Boncinelli (2000), Kim (1998), Freeman (1999), Changeux (2008), Changeux and Ricoeur (1998), Changeux (1983), Oliverio (2004, pp. 230–237, 2009), AA.VV. (2005), Jean-Didier (2007), Punset (2006), Boncinelli and Martino (2008), and Benini (2009). Between individual content showing surprising concordances: Damasio (1994, 1999, 2003), Ledoux (1998, 2003), Ledoux et al. (2003), Solms and Turnbull (2002), Edelmann (2006), and Cozolino (2006).

    More informative: Goleman (1995, 1998, 2006) and Gazzaniga (2005, 2008).

    On individuals aspects: Gregory (2015), Dehaene (2007), and Montague (2007).

  4. 4.

    Churchland (1986), Dennett (1991), Bennett and Hacker (2003), and Boden (1990). Olivero writes: “data” is hardly scientific neutral and often have profound implications on the image of human beings. In particular, especially as regards the relationship between the nervous system and behaviour, they were emphasized the dangers arising from setting trivially reductionist or mechanistic. In the case of neuroscientific knowledge, which can be the impact on the image of human beings to a semplification reduction of mind to its physical basis? This issue has been addressed, many years ago, the philosopher Margaret Boden (1990) which was concerned that in the future our values may have as a reference point the field of quality linked to individuality and the person representing the foundation of human values. such a question can be extended “to other areas, in an essentially neurobiological conception of the mind, to a size primarily psychopharmacological therapy, in short, to a total mental reductionism reveals a decoupling of material reality and meanings”; Lakoff and Jhonson (1999) and Gallese (2009).

  5. 5.

    Searle (1992, 1997, 2003, 2004, 2015). On the same issues, Dennett (1996, 2005).

  6. 6.

    Gallagher and Zahavi (2012) and Ceruti (2009).

  7. 7.

    Searle (2007), Lakoff (2009), Western (2008), Knutson et al. (2007), Amodio et al. (2007), Osofsky et al. (2005), and Kaplan et al. (2007).

  8. 8.

    Zeki (1993, 2000, 2008), Maffei and Fiorentini (1955), Ramachandran and Hirstein (1999), and Changeux (1994).

  9. 9.

    Hogan (2003) and Lehrer (2008).

  10. 10.

    Macdonald Critch and Henson (1977), Sloboda (1985), Sacks (2006), Lechevalier (2003), Storr (1992), Meyer (1992), Peretz and Zatorre (2001), Avanzini (2003), and Avanzini et al. (2005). The Mariani Fondations organizes a lot of congress about the Theme: here the latest ones: The Neuroscience and Music V–Cognitive Stimulation and Rehabilitation, (Dijon, 2014); Learning and Memory, (Edinburgh, 2011); Disorders and Plasticity, (Montreal, 2008); From Perception to Performance, (Leipzig, 2005); Mutual Interactions and Implications on Developmental Functions, (Venice, 2002). Agrillo (2007), Levitin (2007), and Montinaro (2010).

  11. 11.

    Arnaudo (2012), Feldman (2009), Freeman and Goodenough (2009), Garland et al. (2004), Lavazza and Sammicheli (2012), Lynch and Laursen (2009), Romeo (2012), Santosuosso (2009), Spranger (2012), Uttal (2009), and Zeki and Goodenough (2004). Articles: Aronson (2010), Bottalico (2011, 2012), Buckholtz and Faigman (2014), Colorio (2010), Greely (2012), Du Laing and De Coninck (2011), Goodenough (2011), Goodenough and Tucker (2010), MaRBLe Research Papers (2014), Gazzaniga et al. (2010), Oullier (2012), Patterson and Pardo (2009), and Santosuosso (2013).

  12. 12.

    Adorno (2013) and Casonato (2009).

  13. 13.

    For a careful distinction between the two disciplines, Roskies (2002).

  14. 14.

    Boella (2008), Neil (2009), Di Giovine (2009), Marcus (2002), and Baron (2006).

  15. 15.

    Gazzaniga (2006, 2009) and Dworkin (2007).

  16. 16.

    Dawkins (2003, 2008), Dennett (2005), and Girotto et al. (2008).

  17. 17.

    Frith (2007).

  18. 18.

    Sasso (2005).

  19. 19.

    Merciai and Cannella (2009) and Solms and Kaplan-Solms (2000).

  20. 20.

    Legrenzi and Umiltà (2009).

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Picozza, E. (2016). Neuroscience, Science of Nature and Social Sciences. In: Picozza, E. (eds) Neurolaw. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41441-6_1

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