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Survey of New Energetic and Eco-friendly Materials for Propulsion of Space Vehicles

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Chemical Rocket Propulsion

Part of the book series: Springer Aerospace Technology ((SAT))

Abstract

The advent and use of advanced eco-friendly energetic materials to obtain higher and higher energy and reduced vulnerability, improved mechanical properties along with reduced signature profile and extended useful life has assumed very high importance these days. Use of new powerful and green oxidizers like ADN, HNF and ammonium ozonide along with energetic binders like GAP, BAMO and BAMO-THF copolymer can boost specific impulse (Is) to more than 320 s. Inclusion of energetic plasticizers like tetra azido malonate and tetra azido glutarate can enhance energy further. Likewise, inclusion of nitrogen-rich compounds like nitro guanidinium azides, N8, N10, etc., can boost energy further on higher side. Addition of nano metal powders and nano metal hydrides is likely to enhance burn rates significantly. Thus, there is need to generate reliable exhaustive technical data on the utility of new eco-friendly materials reported recently to obtain unthinkable boost in energy and burn rates.

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Abbreviations

ADN:

Ammonium DiNitramide

AMMO:

3-AzidoMethyl 3-Methyl Oxetane

AN:

Ammonium -Nitrate

AP:

Ammonium Perchlorate

BAMO:

3,3’-Bis(AzidoMethyl) Oxetane

BAMO-THF:

Copolymer of 3,3’-Bis(AzidoMethyl) Oxetane and TetraHydroFuran

BDNPA/F:

Eutectic Mixture of Bis(2,2-DiNitroPropyl)Acetal/Formal

BP:

Boiling Point

Bu-NENA:

n-Butyl-NitratoEthylNitrAmines

BTTN:

ButaneTriol TriNitrate

CMDB:

Composite Modified Double-Base

CP:

Composite Propellant

CL-20:

2,4,6,8,10,12 - hexanitro- 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane

DEGBAA:

DiEthylene Glycol Bis Azido Acetate

DEGDN:

DiEthylene Glycol DiNitrate

DNAPE:

DiAzido 3-Nitraza Pentane

DNP:

DiNitro Piperazine

DOA:

DiOctyl Adipate

DOP:

DiOctyl Phatalate

EGBAA:

Ethylene Glycol Bis Azido Acetate

GAP:

Glycidyl Azide Polymer

HE:

High Explosives

HEMRL:

High-Energy Materials Research Laboratory

HMX:

Cyclotetramethylenetetranitramine, High Melting Explosive (also known as Octogen, Her Majesty’s Explosive)

HNC:

High-Nitrogen rich Compounds

HNB:

HexaNitroBenzene

HNF:

Hydrazinium NitroFormate

HTPB:

Hydroxyl-Terminated PolyButadiene

HTPBCP:

Co-polymer of Hydroxyl Terminated PolyButadieneandCaProlactone

HTPE:

Hydroxyl-TerminatedPolyEether

MP:

Melting Point

NC:

NitroCellulose

NG:

NitroGlycerine

NIMMO:

3-NitratoMethylMethylOxetane

OB:

Oxygen Balance

ONC:

OctaNitroCubane

PEP:

Propellant Evaluation Program

PETN:

PentaErythritol Tetra Nitrate

PGN:

PolyGlycidyl Nitrate

PolyGlyn:

Polymer of 2-NitratoMethylOxirane

PSAN:

Phase Stabilized Ammonium Nitrate

R&D:

Research and Development

RDX:

Cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine, Research Department eXplosive (also known as Hexogen, Cyclonite, T4, Royal Demolition Explosive)

TATB:

TriAmino Trinitro Benzene

TDI:

2,4-Toluene diisocyanate

TEGDN:

TryEthylene Glycol DiNitrate

TMETN:

TryMethylol EthaneTriNitrate

TNAZ:

TriNitro AZitidine

VOD:

Velocity Of Detonation

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. High Energy Material Research Laboratory (HEMRL), Sutarwadi, Pune, 411021, Maharashtra, India

    Haridwar Singh

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  1. Haridwar Singh
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Correspondence to Haridwar Singh .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Space Propulsion Laboratory (SPLab) Department of Aerospace Science and Technology, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy

    Luigi T. De Luca

  2. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara, Japan

    Toru Shimada

  3. Department of Chemical Engineering, Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology, Moscow, Russia

    Valery P. Sinditskii

  4. The Inner Arch, Poissy, France

    Max Calabro

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Singh, H. (2017). Survey of New Energetic and Eco-friendly Materials for Propulsion of Space Vehicles. In: De Luca, L., Shimada, T., Sinditskii, V., Calabro, M. (eds) Chemical Rocket Propulsion. Springer Aerospace Technology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-27748-6_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-27748-6_4

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  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-27748-6

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