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Calcium Signalling through Ligand-Gated Ion Channels such as P2X1 Receptors in the Platelet and other Non-Excitable Cells

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Calcium Entry Pathways in Non-excitable Cells

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 898))

Abstract

Ligand-gated ion channels on the cell surface are directly activated by the binding of an agonist to their extracellular domain and often referred to as ionotropic receptors. P2X receptors are ligand-gated non-selective cation channels with significant permeability to Ca2+ whose principal physiological agonist is ATP. This chapter focuses on the mechanisms by which P2X1 receptors, a ubiquitously expressed member of the family of ATP-gated channels, can contribute to cellular responses in non-excitable cells. Much of the detailed information on the contribution of P2X1 to Ca2+ signalling and downstream functional events has been derived from the platelet. The underlying primary P2X1-generated signalling event in non-excitable cells is principally due to Ca2+ influx, although Na+ entry will also occur along with membrane depolarization. P2X1 receptor stimulation can lead to additional Ca2+ mobilization via a range of routes such as amplification of G-protein-coupled receptor-dependent Ca2+ responses. This chapter also considers the mechanism by which cells generate extracellular ATP for autocrine or paracrine activation of P2X1 receptors. For example cytosolic ATP efflux can result from opening of pannexin anion-permeable channels or following damage to the cell membrane. Alternatively, ATP stored in specialised secretory vesicles can undergo quantal release via the process of exocytosis. Examples of physiological or pathophysiological roles of P2X1-dependent signalling in non-excitable cells are also discussed, such as thrombosis and immune responses.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Henry Wellcome Building, Lancaster Road, Leicester, LE1 9HN, UK

    Martyn P. Mahaut-Smith & Richard J. Evans

  2. Department of Biomedical and Forensic Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK

    Kirk A. Taylor

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  1. Martyn P. Mahaut-Smith
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Correspondence to Martyn P. Mahaut-Smith .

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  1. Depto. Fisiología, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain

    Juan A. Rosado

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Mahaut-Smith, M.P., Taylor, K.A., Evans, R.J. (2016). Calcium Signalling through Ligand-Gated Ion Channels such as P2X1 Receptors in the Platelet and other Non-Excitable Cells. In: Rosado, J. (eds) Calcium Entry Pathways in Non-excitable Cells. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 898. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26974-0_13

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