Abstract
Foresight has become a widely used instrument for detecting challenges and opportunities countries are likely to face in the foreseeable future. Over the last decades it has developed from purely technology foresight towards a broader spectrum of themes covered including those related to societal and economic issues. This development in accordance with changing economic and technological frameworks imposes new challenges on national science, technology and innovation (STI) policies which need to find near time responses to anticipated changes. National science and technology (S&T) foresight systems are aimed at preparing evidence based anticipatory STI policy mixes, which enable countries to meeting future challenges. Such systems need to be flexible and well structured, include ongoing methodological progress and strongly support communication of a vast variety of stakeholders.
The chapter reflects the challenges on the STI policy mix and highlights features of national S&T foresight systems. It draws on analysis of S&T foresight systems in a number of countries including South Korea, Japan, Germany, USA, the Netherlands, and Finland. Eventually the Russian S&T foresight system model is introduced and discussed.
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Notes
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1st, 2nd round of national foresight.
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Delphi surveys.
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Pursuant to a decision of the Interministerial Commission on Technology Foresight to regularly update the Russian long-term S&T Foresight (Minutes from 29 October 2010), as part of creating a network of industry-specific S&T Foresight centres built around the country’s leading universities.
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Acknowledgement
The contribution was prepared within the framework of the Basic Research Programme at the National Research University Higher School of Economics (HSE) and supported within the framework of the subsidy granted to the HSE by the Government of the Russian Federation for the implementation of the Global Competitiveness Programme.
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Chulok, A. (2016). National System of Science and Technology Foresight in Russia. In: Gokhberg, L., Meissner, D., Sokolov, A. (eds) Deploying Foresight for Policy and Strategy Makers. Science, Technology and Innovation Studies. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25628-3_9
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