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Neuroimaging as a Research Tool in Human Essential Hypertension

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Hypertension and the Brain as an End-Organ Target

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Abstract

Essential hypertension is a chronic vascular disease that affects a significant portion of the population, with approximately half of adults over the age of 55 reporting high systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure. Increased systemic blood pressure leads to a decline in cerebrovascular reserve capacity and degenerative changes in the cerebrovascular walls which, in turn, can lead to brain infarcts, hemorrhages, and white matter damage. There is growing epidemiological evidence that high blood pressure and its subsequent cerebrovascular consequences are linked to cognitive decline and dementia. In order to better understand, and develop specific treatments for, hypertension-related cerebral dysfunction, it is important that research tools are developed to accurately characterize the structural and functional changes occurring in the human hypertensive brain. This chapter outlines the most commonly used neuroimaging modalities in the context of their usefulness as research tools in the investigation of the known and proposed effects of hypertension on the human brain. Particular emphasis is given to the various emerging magnetic resonance imaging techniques which are continually improving in both spacial and temporal resolution.

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  1. Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Chemin Queen-Mary, 4565, Montréal, QC, Canada, H3W 1W5

    Kenneth S. Dyson & Richard D. Hoge

  2. McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, University St, 3801, Montreal, QC, Canada, H3A 2B4

    Kenneth S. Dyson & Richard D. Hoge

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  1. Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada

    Hélène Girouard

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Dyson, K.S., Hoge, R.D. (2016). Neuroimaging as a Research Tool in Human Essential Hypertension. In: Girouard, H. (eds) Hypertension and the Brain as an End-Organ Target. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25616-0_4

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